Question 1

Which of the following solutions is the most acidic?

Accepted Answer

A) a solution with a pH = 14 
B) a solution with a pH = 12 
C) a solution with a pH = 7 
D) a solution with a pH = 13 
E) All of the solutions are basic.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is not true about a neutralization reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Water is always formed in a neutralization reaction. 
B) One molecule of acid neutralizes one molecule of base. 
C) A neutralization is the reaction of a hydroxide ion with a proton. 
D) All of the above are true. 
E) None of the above are true.

Question 3

At what point will a buffer solution cease to moderate changes in pH?

Accepted Answer

A) when waters equilibrium constant  has been reached 
B) when the weak acid and the weak base salt concentration are equal 
C) when the acting buffering component is all neutralized 
D) only after all the acid or the base that needs to be buffered has been added

Question 4

When the hydronium ion concentration equals 10 moles per liter, what is the pH of the solution? Is the solution acidic or basic?

Accepted Answer

A) pH = 0, this is an acidic solution. 
B) pH = 1, this is an acidic solution. 
C) pH = -0.301, this is an acidic solution. 
D) pH = 7, this is a neutral solution.

Question 5

Does a water molecule become more or less polar when bound to a metal ion, such as  ? Why? (Hint: How might the electrons of the O-H covalent bonds in water "feel" about the highly charged aluminum ion?)

Accepted Answer

A) Less polar. Aluminum ion is so highly polar that it attracts the electrons in a water molecule to itself and away from the oxygen atom in water, causing water to lose polar character. 
B) More polar. The electrons in the O-H bond are drawn even closer to the oxygen (and away from the hydrogen)as they are drawn towards the positive charge of the aluminum ion. 
C) Neither. Although polarity may increase as a water molecule approaches an aluminum ion, once the water molecule becomes bound to the metal ion its polarity reverts to its original status. 
D) Both. As a first water molecule approaches  , there is an increase in water's polarity. However, the "bond" becomes less polar when the aluminum ion has captured all six water molecules to form  O  3+.

Question 6

What is the main characteristic of a strong base?

Accepted Answer

A) It is completely dissociated in water. 
B) It readily accepts an acidic proton. 
C) It is corrosive. 
D) It will damage your skin. 
E) all of the above

Question 7

If the pH of a solution is 10, what is the hydronium ion concentration?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 × 10-10 M 
B) 1 × 1010 M 
C) 10 M 
D) -10 M 
E) - 1 × 1010 M

Question 8

For the following acid-base reaction, identify what compound is formed in the space marked. HCl + KOH ⇌ ???? + H2O

Accepted Answer

A) KCl 
B) H3OCl 
C) KOH2 
D) KOH2Cl 
E) none of the above

Question 9

Can an acid and a base react to form an acid?

Accepted Answer

A) No. Acids always react with bases to form salts. 
B) Yes and No. The reaction can only occur if the substances reacting are true acids and bases. 
C) Yes and No. The reaction can only occur if the reactants are organic/carboxylic acids and organic bases. 
D) Yes. An acid and a base can react to form an acid if the acid is a strong acid and the base is a weak base.

Question 10

What is a base?

Accepted Answer

A) anything that accepts a hydrogen ion 
B) anything that accepts a hydroxide ion 
C) anything that donates a hydroxide ion 
D) anything that can be used to clean drains 
E) anything with a bitter taste

Question 11

For the following reaction, identify whether the compound in bold is behaving as an acid or a base. H3PO4 + H2O ⇌ H2PO4- + H3O+

Accepted Answer

A) acid 
B) base 
C) neither 
D) both 
E) none of the above

Question 12

An acid and a base react to form a salt, which consists of positive and negative ions. Which forms the positive ions: the acid or the base? Which forms the negative ions?

Accepted Answer

A) The acid forms the positive ion, the base forms the negative ion. 
B) The acid forms the negative ion, the base forms the positive ion. 
C) Because different substances can act as an acid or a base, it depends on the substance you begin with. 
D) all of the above

Question 13

How readily an acid donates a hydrogen ion is a function of how well the acid is able to accommodate the resulting negative charge it gains after donating. Which should be the stronger acid: water or hypochlorous acid? Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Water, because O-H would accommodate the resulting negative charge better than O-Cl. 
B) Hypochlorous acid, because the resulting negative charge is spread over a greater number of atoms. 
C) Neither, since both molecules are "monoprotic" and donate the same H+ ion, making their the same. 
D) Water, because the hydrogen bonding in water gives it the edge in the ability to accommodate the resulting negative charge.

Question 14

Which of the following compounds could never act as an acid?

Accepted Answer

A) SO4-2 
B) HSO4-1 
C) H2SO4 
D) NH3 
E) CH3CO2H

Question 15

What is the hydroxide ion concentration in an aqueous solution when the hydronium ion concentration equals 1 ×  moles per liter?

Accepted Answer

A) The concentration of hydroxide ions is 1 ×  moles per liter. 
B) The concentration of hydroxide ions is 1 ×  moles per liter. 
C) The concentration of hydroxide ions is 1 ×  moles per liter. 
D) The concentration of hydroxide ions is 1 ×  moles per liter.

Question 16

What would the concentration of OH- be if the concentration of H3O+ was 1 × 10-5M? [H3O+] × [OH-] = Kw = 1 × 10-14

Accepted Answer

A) 1 × 10-14 
B) 1 × 10-5 
C) 1 × 109 
D) 1 × 105 
E) 1 × 10-9

Question 17

Which of the following solutions is the most acidic?

Accepted Answer

A) a solution with a pH = 14 
B) a solution with a pH = 10 
C) a solution with a pH = 7 
D) a solution with a pH = 4 
E) All of the solutions are basic.

Question 18

What is the hydroxide ion concentration in an aqueous solution where the pH = 5?

Accepted Answer

A) The hydronium ion concentration equals 1 ×  . 
B) The hydronium ion concentration equals 1 ×  . 
C) The hydronium ion concentration equals 1 ×  . 
D) The hydronium ion concentration equals 1 ×  .

Question 19

Which of the following items would you use to make an acidic buffer solution?

Accepted Answer

A) acetic acid (a weak acid)and hydrochloric acid (a strong acid) 
B) hydrochloric acid (a strong acid)and sodium chloride 
C) acetic acid (a weak acid)and sodium acetate 
D) hydrochloric acid (a strong acid)and sodium hydroxide (a strong base) 
E) ammonium hydroxide (a weak base)and ammonium chloride

Question 20

If you had a 1 M solution of a strong acid what would be its pH?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 6 
C) 7 
D) 8 
E) 13

Exam 10: Acids and Bases in Our Environment

Which of the following solutions is the most acidic?

Which of the following statements is not true about a neutralization reaction?

At what point will a buffer solution cease to moderate changes in pH?

When the hydronium ion concentration equals 10 moles per liter, what is the pH of the solution? Is the solution acidic or basic?

Does a water molecule become more or less polar when bound to a metal ion, such as ? Why? (Hint: How might the electrons of the O-H covalent bonds in water "feel" about the highly charged aluminum ion?)

What is the main characteristic of a strong base?

If the pH of a solution is 10, what is the hydronium ion concentration?

For the following acid-base reaction, identify what compound is formed in the space marked. HCl + KOH ⇌ ???? + H₂O

Can an acid and a base react to form an acid?

What is a base?

For the following reaction, identify whether the compound in bold is behaving as an acid or a base. H₃PO₄ + H₂O ⇌ H₂PO₄^- + H₃O⁺

An acid and a base react to form a salt, which consists of positive and negative ions. Which forms the positive ions: the acid or the base? Which forms the negative ions?

How readily an acid donates a hydrogen ion is a function of how well the acid is able to accommodate the resulting negative charge it gains after donating. Which should be the stronger acid: water or hypochlorous acid? Why?

Which of the following compounds could never act as an acid?

What is the hydroxide ion concentration in an aqueous solution when the hydronium ion concentration equals 1 × moles per liter?

What would the concentration of OH^- be if the concentration of H₃O⁺ was 1 × 10^-5M? [H₃O⁺] × [OH^-] = K_w= 1 × 10^-14

Which of the following solutions is the most acidic?

What is the hydroxide ion concentration in an aqueous solution where the pH = 5?

Which of the following items would you use to make an acidic buffer solution?

If you had a 1 M solution of a strong acid what would be its pH?