Question 1

Determine how much energy is released when polonium-210 decays according to  . [Atomic masses: polonium-210 = 209.982857 amu; helium-4 = 4.002603 amu; lead-206 = 205.974449 amu]

Accepted Answer

A) 4.14 $\times$ 109 kJ/mol 
B) 7.20 $\times$ 1011 kJ/mol 
C) 5.22 $\times$ 108 kJ/mol 
D) 4.66 $\times$ 109 kJ/mol 
E) 6.43 $\times$ 1012 kJ/mol

Question 2

The rates of radioactive decay processes, like the rates of chemical reactions, are sensitive to temperature changes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What element is the stable end-product of the uranium radioactive decay series?

Accepted Answer

A) Th 
B) Pu 
C) Ra 
D) Au 
E) Pb

Question 4

The only stable isotope of fluorine is  F. What type of radioactivity would you expect from the isotope  F, which has one fewer neutron?

Accepted Answer

A)   p 
B)   n 
C)   
D)   
E)   He

Question 5

The isotope of iodine with mass number 128 undergoes beta decay with a half-life of 25.00 minutes. How long will it take for 93.75% of a sample of pure ¹²⁸I to decay?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The isotope of iodine with mass number...

Question 6

A plot of the number of neutrons versus the number of protons in various isotopes produces a "belt of stability." Isotopes below the belt of stability (i.e., with a smaller neutron-to-proton ratio)decay by beta particle emission.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Gamma-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by producing

Accepted Answer

A) ions and free radicals. 
B) isotopes. 
C) daughter products. 
D) oxidation. 
E) reduction.

Question 8

What would the atom ratio of 206Pb to 238U be in a uranium mineral from a rock that is 1.0 $\times$ 109 years old? t1/2(238U)= 4.5 $\times$ 109 yr.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.14 
B) 0.16 
C) 0.22 
D) 0.86 
E) 1.16

Question 9

Determine how much energy is released when thorium-230 decays according to  . [Atomic masses: thorium-230 = 230.033127 amu; helium-4 = 4.002603 amu; radium-226 = 226.025403 amu]

Accepted Answer

A) 3.98 $\times$ 109 kJ/mol 
B) 4.60 $\times$ 108 kJ/mol 
C) 7.20 $\times$ 1011 kJ/mol 
D) 4.90 $\times$ 109 kJ/mol 
E) 7.15 $\times$ 1011 kJ/mol

Question 10

The mass of a nucleus is always less than the sum of the masses of the nucleons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The Rb-87/Sr-87 method of dating rocks is often used by geologists:  Rb   Sr +  t1/2 = 6.0 $\times$ 1010 yr Estimate the age of a rock sample in which the present-day mole ratio of Rb-87 to Sr-87 is 36:1.

Accepted Answer

A) 2.4 $\times$ 109 yr 
B) 1.7 $\times$ 109 yr 
C) 3.1 $\times$ 1011 yr 
D) 4.1 $\times$ 10-11 yr 
E) 3.6 $\times$ 1011 yr

Question 12

Strontium-90 has a half-life of 28.8 years.How much strontium-90 was present initially, if after 144 years 10.0 g remain?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Strontium-90 has a half-life of 28.8 years.How...

Question 13

Complete and balance the nuclear equation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete and balance the nuclear equation ...

Question 14

Which of the following is an advantage of nuclear power plants over coal-burning plants? Nuclear power plants

Accepted Answer

A) produce radioactive byproducts with very short half-lives, reducing the need for waste storage. 
B) do not pollute the air with SO2, soot, and fly-ash. 
C) create no thermal pollution. 
D) generate radioactive byproducts that can be sold for use in secondary applications.

Question 15

A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238. The half-life of the decay series U-238 $\to$ Pb-206 is 4.5 $\times$ 109 yr. Assuming no Pb-206 was present in the rock initially, how old is the rock?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.7 $\times$ 109 yr 
B) 5.2$\times$ 109 yr 
C) 2.7 $\times$ 106 yr 
D) 4.5 $\times$ 109 yr 
E) 2.4 $\times$ 109 yr

Question 16

The following nuclear equation is correctly balanced.  Al +  He   P +  n

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The only stable isotope of aluminum is aluminum-27. What type of radioactive decay should be expected from  Al?

Accepted Answer

A)   H 
B)   n 
C)   
D)   
E)   He

Question 18

Balance the equation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Balance the equation ...

Question 19

The heaviest known isotope of hydrogen is called tritium,  H. It decays by beta emission, and has a half-life of 12.3 years. What fraction of a tritium sample will remain after 5.20 years?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.0210 
B) 0.746 
C) 3.41 
D) 0.254 
E) 0.423

Question 20

Which isotope, when bombarded with nitrogen-15, yields the artificial isotope dubnium-260 plus 4 neutrons?

Accepted Answer

A) californium-245 
B) thorium-257 
C) nobelium-245 
D) californium-249 
E) dubnium-249

Exam 23: Nuclear Chemistry

The rates of radioactive decay processes, like the rates of chemical reactions, are sensitive to temperature changes.

What element is the stable end-product of the uranium radioactive decay series?

The only stable isotope of fluorine is F. What type of radioactivity would you expect from the isotope F, which has one fewer neutron?

The isotope of iodine with mass number 128 undergoes beta decay with a half-life of 25.00 minutes. How long will it take for 93.75% of a sample of pure ¹²⁸I to decay?

A plot of the number of neutrons versus the number of protons in various isotopes produces a "belt of stability." Isotopes below the belt of stability (i.e., with a smaller neutron-to-proton ratio)decay by beta particle emission.

Gamma-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by producing

What would the atom ratio of ²⁰⁶Pb to ²³⁸U be in a uranium mineral from a rock that is 1.0 $\times$ 10⁹ years old? t_1/2(²³⁸U) = 4.5 $\times$ 10⁹ yr.

The mass of a nucleus is always less than the sum of the masses of the nucleons.

Strontium-90 has a half-life of 28.8 years.How much strontium-90 was present initially, if after 144 years 10.0 g remain?

Complete and balance the nuclear equation

Which of the following is an advantage of nuclear power plants over coal-burning plants? Nuclear power plants

A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238. The half-life of the decay series U-238 $\to$ Pb-206 is 4.5 $\times$ 10⁹ yr. Assuming no Pb-206 was present in the rock initially, how old is the rock?

The following nuclear equation is correctly balanced. Al + He P + n

The only stable isotope of aluminum is aluminum-27. What type of radioactive decay should be expected from Al?

Balance the equation

Which isotope, when bombarded with nitrogen-15, yields the artificial isotope dubnium-260 plus 4 neutrons?

Exam 23: Nuclear Chemistry

Determine how much energy is released when polonium-210 decays according to . [Atomic masses: polonium-210 = 209.982857 amu; helium-4 = 4.002603 amu; lead-206 = 205.974449 amu]

The rates of radioactive decay processes, like the rates of chemical reactions, are sensitive to temperature changes.

What element is the stable end-product of the uranium radioactive decay series?

The only stable isotope of fluorine is F. What type of radioactivity would you expect from the isotope F, which has one fewer neutron?

The isotope of iodine with mass number 128 undergoes beta decay with a half-life of 25.00 minutes. How long will it take for 93.75% of a sample of pure 128 I to decay?

A plot of the number of neutrons versus the number of protons in various isotopes produces a "belt of stability." Isotopes below the belt of stability (i.e., with a smaller neutron-to-proton ratio)decay by beta particle emission.

Gamma-rays cause radiation damage when they interact with matter by producing

What would the atom ratio of 206Pb to 238U be in a uranium mineral from a rock that is 1.0 ×\times× 109 years old? t1/2(238U) = 4.5 ×\times× 109 yr.

Determine how much energy is released when thorium-230 decays according to . [Atomic masses: thorium-230 = 230.033127 amu; helium-4 = 4.002603 amu; radium-226 = 226.025403 amu]

The mass of a nucleus is always less than the sum of the masses of the nucleons.

The Rb-87/Sr-87 method of dating rocks is often used by geologists: Rb Sr + t1/2 = 6.0 ×\times× 1010 yr Estimate the age of a rock sample in which the present-day mole ratio of Rb-87 to Sr-87 is 36:1.

Strontium-90 has a half-life of 28.8 years.How much strontium-90 was present initially, if after 144 years 10.0 g remain?

Complete and balance the nuclear equation

Which of the following is an advantage of nuclear power plants over coal-burning plants? Nuclear power plants

A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238. The half-life of the decay series U-238 →\to→ Pb-206 is 4.5 ×\times× 109 yr. Assuming no Pb-206 was present in the rock initially, how old is the rock?

The following nuclear equation is correctly balanced. Al + He P + n

The only stable isotope of aluminum is aluminum-27. What type of radioactive decay should be expected from Al?

Balance the equation

The heaviest known isotope of hydrogen is called tritium, H. It decays by beta emission, and has a half-life of 12.3 years. What fraction of a tritium sample will remain after 5.20 years?

Which isotope, when bombarded with nitrogen-15, yields the artificial isotope dubnium-260 plus 4 neutrons?

The isotope of iodine with mass number 128 undergoes beta decay with a half-life of 25.00 minutes. How long will it take for 93.75% of a sample of pure ¹²⁸I to decay?

What would the atom ratio of ²⁰⁶Pb to ²³⁸U be in a uranium mineral from a rock that is 1.0 $\times$ 10⁹ years old? t_1/2(²³⁸U) = 4.5 $\times$ 10⁹ yr.

A rock contains 0.37 mg of Pb-206 and 0.95 mg of U-238. The half-life of the decay series U-238 $\to$ Pb-206 is 4.5 $\times$ 10⁹ yr. Assuming no Pb-206 was present in the rock initially, how old is the rock?