Question 1

Although there are many different levels of culture, an individual can participate in only one level at a time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Human rights are seen as inalienable.This means that

Accepted Answer

A) no one can abuse them. 
B) nations cannot abridge or terminate them. 
C) they are vested in groups and not individuals. 
D) anthropologists have no moral grounds to question them. 
E) they are universally accepted by all individuals.

Question 3

Many human traits reflect the fact that our primate ancestors lived in trees.These traits include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) grasping ability. 
B) depth and color vision. 
C) learning ability based on a large brain. 
D) substantial parental investment in a limited number of offspring. 
E) echolocation, made possible by overlapping visual fields.

Question 4

Culture can be adaptive or maladaptive.It is maladaptive when

Accepted Answer

A) it exhibits cultural traits that are not shared with the majority of the group. 
B) it threatens the core values of a culture that guarantee its integration. 
C) cultural traits diminish the survival of particular individuals but not others. 
D) cultural traits, patterns, and inventions disrupt the world economy, causing international discontent. 
E) cultural traits, patterns, and inventions threaten the group's continued survival and reproduction and thus its very existence.

Question 5

Anthropologists agree that cultural learning is uniquely elaborated among humans and that all humans have culture.They also accept a doctrine designated in the 19th century as the "psychic unity of man." What does this doctrine mean?

Accepted Answer

A) Although women and men both share the emotional and intellectual capacities for culture, at the population level there is less variability in these capacities among men than among women. 
B) Although individuals differ in their emotional and intellectual capacities, all human populations have equivalent capacities for culture. 
C) Although an individual's genetic endowment does not affect that person's ability to learn cultural traditions, it does affect his or her capacity to change culture creatively. 
D) Although human populations differ in their emotional and intellectual capacities, all individuals have equivalent capacities for culture. 
E) Both mental abilities and mental disabilities are evenly distributed among individuals of all cultures.

Question 6

Something, verbal or nonverbal, that stands for something else is known as a

Accepted Answer

A) transmitter. 
B) symbol. 
C) taboo. 
D) substitute. 
E) talisman.

Question 7

Independent invention occurs when two or more cultures independently come up with similar solutions to a common problem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the term for the kind of cultural change that results when two or more cultures have consistent firsthand contact?

Accepted Answer

A) acculturation 
B) enculturation 
C) independent invention 
D) colonization 
E) imperialism

Question 9

Which of the following statements about subcultures is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Subcultures exemplify "levels of culture." 
B) Subcultures have different learning experiences. 
C) Subcultures have shared learning experiences. 
D) Subcultures may originate in ethnicity, class, region, or religion. 
E) Subcultures are mutually exclusive; individuals may not participate in more than one subculture.

Question 10

What are ethnocentrism and cultural relativism, and how do they affect the work of anthropologists? How do they influence your own life in an increasingly diverse society?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are ethnocentrism and cultural relativism, and...

Question 11

Diffusion plays an important role in spreading cultural traits around the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following statements about enculturation is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) It occurs through a process of conscious and unconscious learning. 
B) It results in internalization of a cultural tradition. 
C) It may involve direct teaching. 
D) It is the exchange of cultural features that results when two or more groups come into consistent firsthand contact. 
E) It is the process by which culture is learned and transmitted across generations.

Question 13

Cultures are integrated, patterned systems in which a change in one part often leads to changes in other parts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Culture helps us define the world in which we live, to express feelings and ideas, and to guide our behavior and perceptions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Cultural relativists believe that a culture should be judged only according to the standards and traditions of that culture and not according to the standards of other cultural traditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The Makah, a tribe that lives near the mouth of the Strait of Juan de Fuca on the Olympic Peninsula, see themselves as whalers and continue to identify themselves spiritually with whales.Their ongoing struggle to maintain their traditional way of life, which involves whale hunting, demonstrates how

Accepted Answer

A) some indigenous communities are able to isolate themselves from national and international politics despite continuous threat from outsiders. 
B) indigenous communities do not understand the threat their activities pose to endangered species. 
C) contemporary law is useless in solving disputes with indigenous communities. 
D) contemporary indigenous groups have to grapple with multiple levels of culture, contestation, and political regulation. 
E) animals do not have rights.

Question 17

Culture is transmitted in society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Although humans do employ tools much more than any other animal does, tool use also turns up among several nonhuman species, including birds, beavers, sea otters, and apes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What does it mean to say that there are levels of culture? What are they? How do cultural traits extend to a broader geographic area?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does it mean to say that...

Question 20

What are the different kinds of learning? On which kind (or kinds) of learning is culture based? How is culture transmitted across generations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the different kinds of learning?...

Exam 2: Culture

Although there are many different levels of culture, an individual can participate in only one level at a time.

Human rights are seen as inalienable.This means that

Many human traits reflect the fact that our primate ancestors lived in trees.These traits include all of the following EXCEPT

Culture can be adaptive or maladaptive.It is maladaptive when

Anthropologists agree that cultural learning is uniquely elaborated among humans and that all humans have culture.They also accept a doctrine designated in the 19^th century as the "psychic unity of man." What does this doctrine mean?

Something, verbal or nonverbal, that stands for something else is known as a

Independent invention occurs when two or more cultures independently come up with similar solutions to a common problem.

What is the term for the kind of cultural change that results when two or more cultures have consistent firsthand contact?

Which of the following statements about subcultures is NOT true?

What are ethnocentrism and cultural relativism, and how do they affect the work of anthropologists? How do they influence your own life in an increasingly diverse society?

Diffusion plays an important role in spreading cultural traits around the world.

Which of the following statements about enculturation is NOT true?

Cultures are integrated, patterned systems in which a change in one part often leads to changes in other parts.

Culture helps us define the world in which we live, to express feelings and ideas, and to guide our behavior and perceptions.

Cultural relativists believe that a culture should be judged only according to the standards and traditions of that culture and not according to the standards of other cultural traditions.

The Makah, a tribe that lives near the mouth of the Strait of Juan de Fuca on the Olympic Peninsula, see themselves as whalers and continue to identify themselves spiritually with whales.Their ongoing struggle to maintain their traditional way of life, which involves whale hunting, demonstrates how

Culture is transmitted in society.

Although humans do employ tools much more than any other animal does, tool use also turns up among several nonhuman species, including birds, beavers, sea otters, and apes.

What does it mean to say that there are levels of culture? What are they? How do cultural traits extend to a broader geographic area?

What are the different kinds of learning? On which kind (or kinds) of learning is culture based? How is culture transmitted across generations?