Question 1

Marty has hemochromatosis.Which of the following supplements should he avoid taking?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium 
B) Vitamin D 
C) Vitamin B-12 
D) Iron

Question 2

Which of the following foods is the richest source of bioavailable calcium per one cup serving?

Accepted Answer

A) Spinach 
B) Plain yogurt 
C) Cottage cheese 
D) Tomato juice

Question 3

Weight-bearing exercises can

Accepted Answer

A) increase the body's metabolism of zinc and sulfur. 
B) delay the development of diverticulosis. 
C) reduce the body's need for vitamin C and iron. 
D) strengthen bones.

Question 4

Before Alonzo prepares potatoes for dinner,he takes them out of the refrigerator and allows them to sit by a sunny window for about 30 minutes.To prepare them,he peels the potatoes,cuts them into small pieces,and boils them in water.Which of his actions can lead to losses of minerals from the vegetable?

Accepted Answer

A) Exposing the potatoes to sunlight 
B) Cooking the potatoes at high temperatures 
C) Storing the potatoes in the refrigerator 
D) Using excess water to cook the potatoes

Question 5

Which of the following nutrients is a trace mineral?

Accepted Answer

A) Copper 
B) Calcium 
C) Magnesium 
D) Sulfur

Question 6

The _____ play a major role in regulating the body's fluid balance.

Accepted Answer

A) ovaries 
B) salivary glands 
C) parathyroid glands 
D) kidneys

Question 7

Marcus has iron deficiency.He should consider including ____ in his diet,because it is a good source of heme iron.

Accepted Answer

A) bok choy 
B) spinach 
C) fat-free milk 
D) chicken liver

Question 8

Calcitonin

Accepted Answer

A) enhances bone tissue loss. 
B) increases the body's rate of potassium excretion. 
C) signals osteoblasts to remove excess calcium from blood. 
D) enables glucose to enter cells.

Question 9

For the past 4 years,23-year-old Maggie has been losing a lot of blood during her menstrual periods.Based on this information,which of the following conditions is she most likely to develop?

Accepted Answer

A) Iron-deficiency 
B) Osteoporosis 
C) Pellagra 
D) Hemochromatosis

Question 10

Which of the following blood pressure values is normal?

Accepted Answer

A) 80/120 mm Hg 
B) 70/120 mm Hg 
C) 142/65 mm Hg 
D) 114/70 mm Hg

Question 11

Constance is making a vegetable soup that contains carrots,beans,water,salt,pepper,bits of ham,and onions.The soup has to cook for 4 hours.While the soup is cooking,what will happen to some of the minerals that are in its ingredients?

Accepted Answer

A) The relatively high temperature that is needed to cook the soup will destroy the iron,phosphorus,and sulfur in the vegetables. 
B) Cooking the soup's ingredients for this extensive amount of time will enable the minerals to become antioxidants. 
C) The minerals will leach out of the food and into the cooking water,becoming part of the soup in the process. 
D) The minerals will leach out of the ham and vegetables and lose their natural bioavailability.

Question 12

When the concentration of _____ in tissue fluid is too high,intracellular fluid moves into the extracellular compartment.

Accepted Answer

A) sodium ions 
B) soluble fibers 
C) immature osteoblasts 
D) cesium particles

Question 13

Emma consumes dairy products,but she does not eat meat,fish,eggs or poultry.She eats some vegetables and fruits,but she avoids beans,breads and cereal products.Based on this information,her diet lacks adequate

Accepted Answer

A) potassium. 
B) calcium. 
C) magnesium. 
D) iron.

Question 14

Osteoporosis is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) loss of bone mass and structure. 
B) keratinization and death of epithelial cells. 
C) defective collagen production. 
D) immature red blood cells that lack hemoglobin.

Question 15

A scientist is creating a formula diet that supplies all essential nutrients.One of the minerals in her formula has a Recommended Dietary Allowance of 85 mg/day.How should she classify this particular mineral?

Accepted Answer

A) Major mineral 
B) Trace mineral 
C) Nonessential mineral 
D) Possible essential mineral

Question 16

Pickled foods,canned soups,soy sauce,and deli (luncheon)meats contain high amounts of

Accepted Answer

A) magnesium. 
B) sodium. 
C) selenium. 
D) potassium.

Question 17

Which of the following foods is low in sodium and high in potassium?

Accepted Answer

A) Dill pickles 
B) Orange juice 
C) Soy sauce 
D) Canned soup

Question 18

Which of the following hormones is needed for normal bone development and maintenance?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucagon 
B) Estrogen 
C) Insulin 
D) Oxytocin

Question 19

Samantha is making a vegetable soup that contains carrots,beans,water,salt,pepper,bits of ham,and onions.The soup has to cook for 4 hours.While the soup is cooking,what will happen to some of the minerals that are in its ingredients?

Accepted Answer

A) The minerals will denature and become less bioavailable. 
B) The relatively high temperature that is needed to cook the soup will destroy the iron,phosphorus,and sulfur in the vegetables. 
C) The minerals will leach out of the ham and vegetables and into the watery portion of the soup. 
D) Unless Samantha places a cover on the soup pot,the minerals will decompose when exposed to light and oxygen.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Iron ions are crucial for maintaining cellular fluid balance. 
B) Humans rely primarily on panting to dissipate excess body heat. 
C) Human cells maintain proper hydration primarily by controlling ions in fluid compartments. 
D) Most people can tolerate a fever of 108 to 110$\circ$

Exam 9: Water and Minerals