Question 1

The evolutionary process that favors individuals that are best designed to reproduce and survive is called

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural evolution. 
B)  adaptation. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  biological determinism.

Question 2

Which one of the following diseases is not caused by genetic abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

A)  cystic fibrosis 
B)  diabetes 
C)  hemophilia 
D)  All of these are genetically linked.

Question 3

_________________ consists of all of the person's genetic material.

Accepted Answer

A)  Genotype 
B)  Chromosome 
C)  Phenotype 
D)  None of these.

Question 4

Because Jaedyn is a sociable,gregarious child,she tends to be noticed by her teachers and peers.How does Jaedyn interact with her environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  actively 
B)  passively 
C)  evocatively 
D)  prosocially

Question 5

Albert Bandura,who is connected to the social cognitive theory,rejects what he calls "one-sided evolutionism." He supports the bidirectional view.Explain,by providing examples,the bidirectional view.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Albert Bandura,who is connected to the social...

Question 6

When a man and a woman have trouble conceiving a child,what possibilities in both the male and the female could be prohibiting conception?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a man and a woman have...

Question 7

Genotype is to phenotype as genes are to

Accepted Answer

A)  the environment. 
B)  polygenetics. 
C)  recessiveness. 
D)  measurable characteristics.

Question 8

A person's intelligence,temperament,height,weight,ability to pitch a baseball,and ability to read are all examples of ____________________ and _____________________ working together.

Accepted Answer

A)  shared experiences; nonshared experiences 
B)  emergence; non-emergence 
C)  heredity; environment 
D)  genotype; phenotype

Question 9

Describe the processes of mitosis and meiosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the processes of mitosis and meiosis....

Question 10

In 1996 research by Sharma,McGue,and Benson,it was found that the later adoption occurs,the more problems the adoptees have.Infant adoptees who have the most adjustment issues are those adopted after they are ________ years of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  6 
C)  8 
D)  10

Question 11

________________________ correlations occur when children seek out environments that they find compatible and stimulating,which means finding a setting that is suited to one's abilities.

Accepted Answer

A)  Active (niche-picking)genotype-environment 
B)  Evocative genotype-environment 
C)  Passive genotype-environment 
D)  Shared environmental

Question 12

One study (Golombok et al.,2001)investigated the socioemotional development of children in three types of families: families created by in vitro fertilization,adopted families,and naturally conceived families.What were the findings of the study?

Accepted Answer

A)  The adoptive families experienced superior bonding and attachment in comparison to the control group families. 
B)  The families created by reproductive technologies experienced inferior bonding and attachment in comparison to the control group families. 
C)  The families created by natural conception were more cohesive. 
D)  There were no differences between the three types of families on any of the measures of children's socioemotional development.

Question 13

____________ are the units of hereditary information.They are a blueprint for cells to reproduce themselves and manufacture the proteins that maintain life.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chromosomes 
B)  Autosomes 
C)  Ovaries 
D)  Genes

Question 14

There is only one case in which a recessive gene exerts its influence.This is when

Accepted Answer

A)  two genes of a pair are both recessive. 
B)  one gene is recessive and one is dominant. 
C)  two genes of a pair are both dominant. 
D)  None of these.

Question 15

An approach emphasizing the importance of adaptation,reproduction,and "survival of the fittest" in explaining behavior is

Accepted Answer

A)  sociobiology. 
B)  evolutionary psychology. 
C)  ethology. 
D)  contextual life course theory.

Question 16

Most psychologists believe that adopted children should be told about their familial status and that the process can begin around age __________,when children often begin to ask,"Where did I come from?"

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  11

Question 17

Billy has nonshared environmental experiences.Which of the following experiences is nonshared?

Accepted Answer

A)  family vacation 
B)  his sister's birthday party,which he attended 
C)  being the only one awake during the night hours 
D)  walking to school with siblings

Question 18

Women between the ages of ____ and ____ are less likely to give birth to a child with Down syndrome than are younger or older women.

Accepted Answer

A)  15; 20 
B)  16; 34 
C)  25; 30 
D)  None of these.

Question 19

What does the statement "Many evolved psychological mechanisms are domain-specific" mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abilities are developed to help deal with recurring problems faced by ancestors. 
B)  The mind consists of set of specialized modules and is not a general-purpose device that can be applied equally. 
C)  Both of these answers are correct. 
D)  None of these.

Question 20

_____________________ is a prenatal medical procedure in which high-frequency sound waves are directed into the pregnant woman's abdomen.This test can detect many structural abnormalities in the fetus.

Accepted Answer

A)  Amniocentesis 
B)  Alpha-fetoprotein test 
C)  Ultrasound sonography 
D)  Chorionic villi sampling

Exam 2: Biological Beginnings