Question 1

Increases in life expectancy in the United States during the twentieth century were due primarily to

Accepted Answer

A)  the control of childhood and infectious diseases.
B)  the defeat of chronic illness.
C)  the fitness boom.
D)  increased use of vitamin supplements. A

Question 2

Identify one of the key physical changes or challenges facing people as they age.Describe the condition,and list at least four strategies for prevention or control/treatment.

Accepted Answer

One key physical change or challenge facing people as they age is the loss of muscle mass and strength, also known as sarcopenia. This condition can lead to decreased mobility, increased risk of falls, and overall reduced quality of life.

To prevent or control/treat sarcopenia, individuals can consider the following strategies:

1. Regular exercise: Engaging in strength training exercises, such as weightlifting or resistance band workouts, can help maintain and build muscle mass.

2. Adequate protein intake: Consuming enough protein in the diet is essential for muscle maintenance and repair. Including sources of lean protein, such as chicken, fish, tofu, and legumes, can support muscle health.

3. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation: These nutrients are important for bone health and muscle function. Ensuring adequate intake through diet and supplementation can help prevent muscle weakness and frailty.

4. Balanced nutrition: Eating a well-rounded diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats can provide essential nutrients for overall health and muscle maintenance.

By incorporating these strategies into their lifestyle, individuals can work towards preventing or managing the physical challenges associated with aging, such as sarcopenia.

Question 3

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  breakdown of the system that produced acetylcholine.
B)  destruction of brain tissue from small strokes.
C)  formation of tangles in affected neurons.
D)  formation of amyloid plaques between neurons. B

Question 4

Gayle is 42 years old, single, and does not plan to marry. She has taught school for 20 years and plans to retire in 12 more years. Last year, Gayle began to contribute to a teacher's retirement plan and to an individual retirement account (IRA). She is in good health, and her hobbies include reading, embroidery, gardening, and bowling. She attends an aerobic dance class 3 times each week and has done so for years. Gayle has a family history of diabetes, so she takes her health seriously. Gayle is beginning to notice some age-related changes in her body, but she accepts them as normal. She has a good network of friends that she vacations with every year. She likes to travel and enjoys life.
-Which of the following activities will help Gayle lower her risk of developing dementia?

Accepted Answer

A)  doing puzzles
B)  learning a language
C)  studying music
D)  all of these

Question 5

Describe five strategies for age-proofing,and explain how each can help prevent,delay,lessen,or reverse negative changes associated with aging.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe five strategies for age-proofing,and explain how...

Question 6

Although few people reach this age,the upper end of the human life span is about ____________ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  90
B)  100
C)  110
D)  120

Question 7

It often takes ________ to resolve the grief associated with losing a loved one.

Accepted Answer

A)  days
B)  weeks
C)  months
D)  years

Question 8

Which of the following is a warning sign of arthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  tenderness
B)  early morning stiffness
C)  swelling
D)  all of these

Question 9

Regular exercise has been found to lower an aging person's susceptibility to depression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Denise is 48 years old and experiencing perimenopause.Which of the following would be a symptom of her condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  hot flashes
B)  irregular periods
C)  vaginal dryness
D)  all of these

Question 11

The first symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are

Accepted Answer

A)  forgetfulness and inability to learn new information.
B)  confusion about events or time and disorientation.
C)  aggressive behavior and depression.
D)  change in personality and hallucinations.

Question 12

The type of arthritis that typically affects the hands and weight-bearing joints of the knees,ankles,and hips is

Accepted Answer

A)  rheumatoid arthritis.
B)  lupus.
C)  osteoarthritis.
D)  muscular arthritis.

Question 13

Women live longer for all of the following reasons,EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen protects women from early heart disease.
B)  women have lower rates of stress-related illnesses.
C)  women are less likely to be poor in their older years.
D)  women participate less in risky behaviors that lead to injuries.

Question 14

About what percentage of older Americans live in institutional settings such as nursing homes?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 percent
B)  20 percent
C)  33 percent
D)  50 percent

Question 15

Which of the following is an early indicator of dementia?

Accepted Answer

A)  failure to grasp a situation
B)  forgetting conversations
C)  forgetting events of the day
D)  failure to perform simple tasks

Question 16

Medicare pays most of the costs associated with nursing home care.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Women are more likely to be at a financial disadvantage during retirement than are men.Which one of the following is NOT a contributing factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women have,on average,lower lifetime incomes than men.
B)  Women are less likely to be covered by pension plans.
C)  Women are less likely to develop chronic conditions not covered by health insurance.
D)  Women are less likely to invest in retirement plans.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of regular physical activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  prevention against osteoporosis
B)  increased bone fractures caused by extra bone mass
C)  increased effectiveness of the immune system
D)  maintenance of flexibility and balance

Question 19

Typical symptoms of unresolved grief include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  hostility toward those connected with the death.
B)  talking about the death as if it were "just yesterday."
C)  unrealistic behavior (for example,giving away all of one's belongings) .
D)  manic behavior.

Question 20

Which of the following is most characteristic of retirement?

Accepted Answer

A)  meeting deadlines
B)  trying to find enough leisure time
C)  needing to learn how to enjoy leisure time
D)  dealing with competition

Exam 22: Aging: A Vital Process