Question 1

Skinner saw creative behavior as being the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  imagination.
B)  mutations.
C)  intelligence.
D)  sublimations.
E)  a creative power. B

Question 2

For Skinner, inappropriate behavior is shaped by

Accepted Answer

A)  contingencies of positive reinforcement.
B)  contingencies of negative reinforcement.
C)  the effects of punishments.
D)  none of these.
E)  all of these. E

Question 3

Skinner believed that some behavior is unconscious because the person does not think about the aversive stimuli connected with it.Not thinking about aversive stimuli is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement.
B)  negative reinforcement.
C)  punishment.
D)  a reaction formation. B

Question 4

According to Skinner, abused children may choose to remain with their parents because

Accepted Answer

A)  one parent may be rewarding them while the other is abusive.
B)  they may lack the means of countercontrol.
C)  they may be receiving a powerful intermittent reward.
D)  Any or all of these reasons are correct.

Question 5

Skinner called any stimulus within the environment that strengthens behavior a

Accepted Answer

A)  reward.
B)  punishment.
C)  reinforcer.
D)  respondent.

Question 6

According to Skinner, scientists seldom fabricate data mostly because

Accepted Answer

A)  they are inherently more intellectually honest than other people.
B)  correct data will be discovered and embarrass the fabricator.
C)  they must take an oath of honesty when they become scientists.
D)  they are unbiased and uninterested in the results of their studies.

Question 7

Elms believes that Skinner's midlife crisis ended with

Accepted Answer

A)  the death of his father.
B)  his marriage.
C)  his writing of Walden Two.
D)  his election to the U.S.Senate.

Question 8

Negative and positive reinforcement are alike in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  strengthen the behavior they follow.
B)  involve the presentation of a beneficial stimulus.
C)  involve the removal of an aversive stimulus.
D)  extinguish the behavior they follow.
E)  are not affected by schedules of reinforcement.

Question 9

Young Tyler has learned that his mother always hides the cookies on the top shelf of the hall closet.After Tyler's mother noticed cookies missing, she decided to hide the cookie jar in a new place.After several unrewarding trips to the top shelf of the hall closet, Tyler stops looking there.Skinner would say that the disappearance of this response is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  forgetting.
B)  repression.
C)  respondent extinction.
D)  operant extinction.

Question 10

The systematic withholding of reinforcement previously contingent upon a response until the probability of the response diminishes to zero is Skinner's definition of

Accepted Answer

A)  punishment.
B)  aversion.
C)  extinction.
D)  successive approximation.
E)  negative reinforcement.

Question 11

Concerning drives, Skinner said that they

Accepted Answer

A)  are the sources of most human behaviors.
B)  have no subjective existence.
C)  can be either innate or learned.
D)  are responses to deprivation or satiation.

Question 12

Which of these did Skinner NOT list as an effect of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  suppression of the behavior punished
B)  suppression of related behavior
C)  shaping of the targeted behavior
D)  conditioning of negative feelings

Question 13

Skinner believed that human personality is shaped by all these factors EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  the individual's personal history of reinforcement.
B)  natural selection.
C)  cultural practices.
D)  the individual's personal drive state.

Question 14

Discuss Skinner's philosophy of science as it applies to the study of human behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss Skinner's philosophy of science as it...

Question 15

Skinner's principal contribution to psychotherapy was as

Accepted Answer

A)  a writer whose ideas have influenced the behavior therapy movement.
B)  a writer whose ideas have helped shape current psychoanalytic thinking.
C)  a practicing psychotherapist.
D)  the author of Walden Two.

Question 16

Thorndike's original law of effect stated that

Accepted Answer

A)  responses that are followed immediately by a satisfier tend to be stamped in.
B)  responses that are followed immediately by an annoyer tend to be stamped out.
C)  Both of these are correct.
D)  Neither of these is correct.

Question 17

Concerning reinforcement, Skinner would most likely say that

Accepted Answer

A)  money is an innate reinforcer.
B)  money is reinforcing because it has value.
C)  money has value because it is reinforcing.
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 18

Skinner's work was MOST influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)  Ivan Pavlov.
B)  John Watson.
C)  Harry Stack Sullivan.
D)  Albert Bandura.
E)  Sigmund Freud.

Question 19

Unlike punishment, reinforcement

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot derive from natural consequences.
B)  can derive from human intervention.
C)  gives information as to desired behavior.
D)  involves adding a negative stimuli or removing a positive stimuli.
E)  can be used to control behavior.

Question 20

Distinguish negative reinforcement from both positive reinforcement and punishment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Distinguish negative reinforcement from both positive reinforcement...

Exam 15: Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality