Question 1

What condition precipitates polycythemia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dehydration
B)   Severe infections
C)   Immunosuppression
D)   Prolonged tissue hypoxia D

Question 2

What statement is descriptive of most cases of hemophilia?

Accepted Answer

A)   X-linked recessive deficiency of platelets causing prolonged bleeding
B)   X-linked recessive inherited disorder in which a blood clotting factor is deficient
C)   Autosomal dominant deficiency of a factor involved in the blood-clotting reaction
D)   Y-linked recessive inherited disorder in which the red blood cells become moon shaped B

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old child with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)   Petechiae
B)   Chronic diarrhea
C)   Hepatosplenomegaly
D)   Bleeding from openings in the skin
E)   HypotensionF)  Purpura A,D,E,F

Question 4

A health care provider prescribes morphine sulfate,0.2 mg/kg IV every 2 to 4 hours as needed for pain for a child with sickle cell disease.The child weighs 20 kg.The medication label states: "Morphine sulfate 5 mg/ml." The nurse prepares to administer one dose.How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank.Record your answer using one decimal place.
________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of A health care provider prescribes morphine sulfate,0.2...

Question 5

The parents of a child with sickle cell anemia (SCA)are concerned about subsequent children having the disease.What statement most accurately reflects inheritance of SCA?

Accepted Answer

A)   SCA is not inherited.
B)   All siblings will have SCA.
C)   Each sibling has a 25% chance of having SCA.
D)   There is a 50% chance of siblings having SCA.

Question 6

A school-age child is admitted in vasoocclusive sickle cell crisis (pain episode).The child's care should include which therapeutic interventions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydration and pain management
B)   Oxygenation and factor VIII replacement
C)   Electrolyte replacement and administration of heparin
D)   Correction of alkalosis and reduction of energy expenditure

Question 7

The regulation of red blood cell (RBC)production is thought to be controlled by which physiologic factor?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hemoglobin
B)   Tissue hypoxia
C)   Reticulocyte count
D)   Number of RBCs

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a school-age child with severe anemia and activity intolerance.What diversional activity should the nurse plan for this child?

Accepted Answer

A)   Playing a musical instrument
B)   Playing board or card games
C)   Participating in a game of table tennis
D)   Participating in decorating the hospital room

Question 9

A child with sickle cell disease is in a vasoocclusive crisis.What nonpharmacologic pain intervention should the nurse plan?

Accepted Answer

A)   Exercise as a distraction
B)   Heat to the affected area
C)   Elevation of the extremity
D)   Cold compresses to the affected area

Question 10

The clinic nurse is evaluating causes for iron deficiency caused by inadequate supply of iron.What should the nurse recognize as causes for iron deficiency caused by an inadequate iron supply?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prematurity
B)   Slow growth rate
C)   Excessive milk intake
D)   Severe iron deficiency in the mother
E)   Exclusive breastfeeding of infant from birth to 3 months

Question 11

Nursing strategies to improve the growth and development of the child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infection should include what?

Accepted Answer

A)   Provide only those foods that the child feels like eating.
B)   Fortify foods with nutritional supplements to maximize quality of intake.
C)   Weigh the child and measure height and muscle mass on a daily basis.
D)   Provide high-fat and high-calorie meals and snacks to meet body requirements for growth.

Question 12

An 8-year-old girl is receiving a blood transfusion when the nurse notes that she has developed precordial pain,dyspnea,distended neck veins,slight cyanosis,and a dry cough.These manifestations are most suggestive of what complication?

Accepted Answer

A)   Air embolism
B)   Allergic reaction
C)   Hemolytic reaction
D)   Circulatory overload

Question 13

What explanation provides the rationale for why iron-deficiency anemia is common during infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cow's milk is a poor source of iron.
B)   Iron cannot be stored during fetal development.
C)   Fetal iron stores are depleted by 1 month of age.
D)   Dietary iron cannot be started until 12 months of age.

Question 14

The school nurse is informed that a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infection will be attending school soon.What is an important nursing intervention to include in the plan of care?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carefully follow universal precautions.
B)   Inform the parents of the other children.
C)   Determine how the child became infected.
D)   Reassure other children that they will not become infected.

Question 15

A child with sickle cell anemia (SCA)develops severe chest and back pain,fever,a cough,and dyspnea.What should be the first action by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)   Administer 100% oxygen to relieve hypoxia.
B)   Notify the practitioner because chest syndrome is suspected.
C)   Infuse intravenous antibiotics as soon as cultures are obtained.
D)   Give ordered pain medication to relieve symptoms of pain episode.

Question 16

What condition is an acquired hemorrhagic disorder that is characterized by excessive destruction of platelets?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aplastic anemia
B)   Thalassemia major
C)   Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
D)   Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Question 17

In which condition are all the formed elements of the blood simultaneously depressed?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aplastic anemia
B)   Sickle cell anemia
C)   Thalassemia major
D)   Iron deficiency anemia

Question 18

What rationale explains why prolonged use of oxygen should be discouraged in a child with anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prolonged use of oxygen can decrease erythropoiesis.
B)   Prolonged use of oxygen can interfere with iron production.
C)   Prolonged use of oxygen interferes with a child's appetite.
D)   Prolonged use of oxygen can affect the synthesis of hemoglobin.

Question 19

What medication is classified as an antiretroviral?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dapsone (Aczone) 
B)   Pentamidine (Pentam) 
C)   Didanosine (Videx) 
D)   Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)

Question 20

What pain medication is contraindicated in children with sickle cell disease (SCD)?

Accepted Answer

A)   Meperidine (Demerol) 
B)   Hydrocodone (Vicodin) 
C)   Morphine sulfate
D)   Ketorolac (Toradol)

Exam 30: The Child With Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

What condition precipitates polycythemia?

What statement is descriptive of most cases of hemophilia?

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old child with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) .What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?

The parents of a child with sickle cell anemia (SCA) are concerned about subsequent children having the disease.What statement most accurately reflects inheritance of SCA?

A school-age child is admitted in vasoocclusive sickle cell crisis (pain episode) .The child's care should include which therapeutic interventions?

The regulation of red blood cell (RBC) production is thought to be controlled by which physiologic factor?

The nurse is caring for a school-age child with severe anemia and activity intolerance.What diversional activity should the nurse plan for this child?

A child with sickle cell disease is in a vasoocclusive crisis.What nonpharmacologic pain intervention should the nurse plan?

The clinic nurse is evaluating causes for iron deficiency caused by inadequate supply of iron.What should the nurse recognize as causes for iron deficiency caused by an inadequate iron supply?

Nursing strategies to improve the growth and development of the child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection should include what?

An 8-year-old girl is receiving a blood transfusion when the nurse notes that she has developed precordial pain,dyspnea,distended neck veins,slight cyanosis,and a dry cough.These manifestations are most suggestive of what complication?

What explanation provides the rationale for why iron-deficiency anemia is common during infancy?

The school nurse is informed that a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection will be attending school soon.What is an important nursing intervention to include in the plan of care?

A child with sickle cell anemia (SCA) develops severe chest and back pain,fever,a cough,and dyspnea.What should be the first action by the nurse?

What condition is an acquired hemorrhagic disorder that is characterized by excessive destruction of platelets?

In which condition are all the formed elements of the blood simultaneously depressed?

What rationale explains why prolonged use of oxygen should be discouraged in a child with anemia?

What medication is classified as an antiretroviral?

What pain medication is contraindicated in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) ?