Question 1

Which statement about most psychological experiments using nonhuman animals is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Animals are given intense, repeated, inescapable shocks in many experiments. 
B)  Extreme pain and stress are inflicted in attempts to drive the animals insane. 
C)  The research leads to no useful discoveries. 
D)  The research is regulated by animal care committees.

Question 2

The underlying mechanisms of behavior are similar across species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The phrase "If you don't use it, you lose it" best represents ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lamarckian evolution 
B)  Darwinian evolution 
C)  artificial evolution 
D)  Huxley's evolution

Question 4

Most ____ have a mixture of psychological and medical training, and they work in hospitals and clinics.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurochemists 
B)  neuropsychologists 
C)  neurologists 
D)  neuroscientists

Question 5

In humans, which chromosome(s) contain(s) few genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  All human chromosomes contain few genes. 
B)  Both the X and Y chromosomes contain few genes. 
C)  The X chromosome contains few genes. 
D)  The Y chromosome contains few genes.

Question 6

Helping your neighbors (who are unrelated to you) rake their leaves because they helped you fix your car is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  kin selection. 
B)  reciprocal altruism. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  group selection.

Question 7

Minimalists believe that:

Accepted Answer

A)  all research should be done on animals. 
B)  some animal research is acceptable, but not all. 
C)  no animal research should be conducted. 
D)  researchers should use only small animals.

Question 8

Which of the following would contribute to an overestimation of heritability?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increasing the genetic similarity between people 
B)  Eliminating the multiplier effect 
C)  Overestimating the effect of the environment 
D)  Ignoring the effect of the prenatal environment

Question 9

Which one of the following statements is TRUE about PKU?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the genetic inability to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine. 
B)  It measures brain activity. 
C)  It is not a hereditary condition. 
D)  It does not need to be treated.

Question 10

Chromosomes consist of large, double-stranded molecules of:

Accepted Answer

A)  deoxyribonucleic acid. 
B)  ribonucleic acid. 
C)  autosomal genes. 
D)  recombination genes.

Question 11

Untreated PKU will result in:

Accepted Answer

A)  a loss of phenylalanine. 
B)  impaired brain development. 
C)  temporary loss of memory. 
D)  enhanced brain development.

Question 12

Which type of explanation describes the advantages provided by a particular structure or behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological 
B)  ontogenetic 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  functional

Question 13

Professional organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience publish guidelines for the use of animals in research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Mutations are:

Accepted Answer

A)  a common occurrence in most single genes. 
B)  guided by the needs of the organism in its environment. 
C)  almost always beneficial to the organism. 
D)  changes in single genes.

Question 15

An evolutionary psychologist would likely be most interested in studying:

Accepted Answer

A)  altruistic behavior of meerkats. 
B)  cardiovascular function across species. 
C)  anatomy of the rat brain. 
D)  neurotransmitters in primates.

Question 16

In most bird species, only the male sings and then only in his territory during the reproductive season. This is to attract females and to ward off other males, which serves to improve their chances of mating. This behavior demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  that physiological explanations are preferred over other kinds of explanations. 
B)  learning during a critical period. 
C)  that physiological, ontogenetic, evolutionary, and functional explanations are mutually exclusive. 
D)  how physiological, ontogenetic, evolutionary, and functional explanations can all be used to explain the same behavior.

Question 17

Which of the following theories would support the idea that by taking out a peoples' wisdom teeth, eventually fewer people will be born with them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lamarckian evolution 
B)  Darwinism 
C)  Natural selection 
D)  Artificial selection

Question 18

A strand of DNA serves as a template (model) for the synthesis of RNA molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Researchers have tested many behaviors for heritability and have found evidence of a link to heritability for almost every behavior tested. One exception is:

Accepted Answer

A)  social attitudes. 
B)  loneliness. 
C)  television watching. 
D)  religious affiliation.

Question 20

A(n) ____ describes how a structure or behavior develops, including the influences of genes, nutrition, experiences, and their interactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  functional 
B)  ontogenetic 
C)  physiological 
D)  evolutionary

Exam 1: The Major Issues

Which statement about most psychological experiments using nonhuman animals is correct?

The underlying mechanisms of behavior are similar across species.

The phrase "If you don't use it, you lose it" best represents ____.

Most ____ have a mixture of psychological and medical training, and they work in hospitals and clinics.

In humans, which chromosome(s) contain(s) few genes?

Helping your neighbors (who are unrelated to you) rake their leaves because they helped you fix your car is an example of:

Minimalists believe that:

Which of the following would contribute to an overestimation of heritability?

Which one of the following statements is TRUE about PKU?

Chromosomes consist of large, double-stranded molecules of:

Untreated PKU will result in:

Which type of explanation describes the advantages provided by a particular structure or behavior?

Professional organizations such as the Society for Neuroscience publish guidelines for the use of animals in research.

Mutations are:

An evolutionary psychologist would likely be most interested in studying:

In most bird species, only the male sings and then only in his territory during the reproductive season. This is to attract females and to ward off other males, which serves to improve their chances of mating. This behavior demonstrates:

Which of the following theories would support the idea that by taking out a peoples' wisdom teeth, eventually fewer people will be born with them?

A strand of DNA serves as a template (model) for the synthesis of RNA molecules.

Researchers have tested many behaviors for heritability and have found evidence of a link to heritability for almost every behavior tested. One exception is:

A(n) ____ describes how a structure or behavior develops, including the influences of genes, nutrition, experiences, and their interactions.