Question 1

If a personality measure is given to a person four times, and each time the person receives the same score, we know the measure is

Accepted Answer

A) reliable. 
B) valid. 
C) statistically significant. 
D) repetitive.

Question 2

A person's police record would be considered

Accepted Answer

A) S-data. 
B) O-data. 
C) T-data. 
D) L-data.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of an unstructured questionnaire?

Accepted Answer

A) True/False 
B) Forced choice 
C) Open-ended 
D) Rorschach test

Question 4

Projective tests are considered test data for all of these reasons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) all participants are given the same instructions during the testing session. 
B) all persons are placed in a standardized testing situation. 
C) the stimuli are ambiguous to all of the participants in the study. 
D) personality characteristics are believed to be elicited by the stimuli.

Question 5

The case study method can be useful for

Accepted Answer

A) generating new hypotheses. 
B) knowing how two variables are related in a given population. 
C) establishing causality. 
D) proving a hypothesis to the scientific community.

Question 6

A measure of extraversion that has construct validity in samples in the United States also has construct validity with samples of participants assessed for extraversion in Japan.This demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A) convergent validity. 
B) generalizability. 
C) test-retest reliability. 
D) cross-cultural validity.

Question 7

What a person tells you about his or her attitudes would be considered

Accepted Answer

A) S-data. 
B) O-data. 
C) T-data. 
D) L-data.

Question 8

Naturalistic observation occurs

Accepted Answer

A) only when a person does not know that he or she is being observed. 
B) when we observe people in the normal course of their daily lives. 
C) when we observe people in a natural setting like a forest, beach, or desert. 
D) only when humans, not machines, provide the personality ratings.

Question 9

Projective techniques are unlike other types of T-data because

Accepted Answer

A) everyone receives the same instructions. 
B) they reveal responses that indicate personality. 
C) they use a standard testing situation. 
D) responses are usually interpreted.

Question 10

What a person's friend tells you about that person would be considered

Accepted Answer

A) S-data. 
B) O-data. 
C) T-data. 
D) L-data.

Question 11

One strength of experience-sampling data is that

Accepted Answer

A) one is able to detect rhythms over time in behavior or feelings. 
B) it is easier to collect than other self-report data. 
C) it is a completely objective form of self-report data. 
D) it is free of biases associated with other self-report data.

Question 12

The process of random assignment helps to ensure

Accepted Answer

A) statistical significance. 
B) good counter balancing. 
C) equivalence. 
D) fairness.

Question 13

Personality scales are usually made up of

Accepted Answer

A) one rating on a Likert scale. 
B) the sum of a few individual ratings. 
C) open-ended questions. 
D) projective ratings of personality.

Question 14

The reason experimental designs are counterbalanced is to control

Accepted Answer

A) manipulations. 
B) personality effects. 
C) random assignment. 
D) order effects.

Question 15

Self-esteem and depression are probably _____ correlated.

Accepted Answer

A) not 
B) positively 
C) negatively 
D) irregularly

Question 16

L-data are any data that are concerned with

Accepted Answer

A) lies an individual tells. 
B) the life of a person. 
C) the lability of the nervous system. 
D) the likeability of an individual.

Question 17

The type of validity that subsumes all other types of validity is

Accepted Answer

A) predictive validity. 
B) construct validity. 
C) face validity. 
D) discriminant validity.

Question 18

A study discussed in the text showed that childhood temper tantrums predicted divorce.This is an example of _____ predicting _____.

Accepted Answer

A) T-data; S-data 
B) O-data; L-data 
C) L-data; T-data 
D) S-data; T-data

Question 19

If a questionnaire test of sociability correlates with the number of conversations people have, the sociability test has high

Accepted Answer

A) discriminant validity. 
B) face validity. 
C) generalizability. 
D) predictive validity.

Question 20

In order to show that variable A causes variable B, you need to _____ variable A.

Accepted Answer

A) manipulate 
B) counter balance 
C) randomly assign 
D) control

Exam 2: Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design

If a personality measure is given to a person four times, and each time the person receives the same score, we know the measure is

A person's police record would be considered

Which of the following is an example of an unstructured questionnaire?

Projective tests are considered test data for all of these reasons EXCEPT

The case study method can be useful for

A measure of extraversion that has construct validity in samples in the United States also has construct validity with samples of participants assessed for extraversion in Japan.This demonstrates

What a person tells you about his or her attitudes would be considered

Naturalistic observation occurs

Projective techniques are unlike other types of T-data because

What a person's friend tells you about that person would be considered

One strength of experience-sampling data is that

The process of random assignment helps to ensure

Personality scales are usually made up of

The reason experimental designs are counterbalanced is to control

Self-esteem and depression are probably _____ correlated.

L-data are any data that are concerned with

The type of validity that subsumes all other types of validity is

A study discussed in the text showed that childhood temper tantrums predicted divorce.This is an example of _ predicting _.

If a questionnaire test of sociability correlates with the number of conversations people have, the sociability test has high

In order to show that variable A causes variable B, you need to _____ variable A.