Question 1

Match the change in gas composition with the response (disregard weak responses).
-Arterioles: systemic dilate,pulmonary constrict.

Accepted Answer

A) PO2 increases. 
B) PCO2 increases. 
C) PO2 decreases. 
D) PCO2 decreases.

Question 2

Blood vessels cover approximately ________% of the alveolar surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  80-90 
B)  10-20 
C)  > 90 
D)  < 10 
E)  50

Question 3

The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchioles. 
B)  alveolar ducts. 
C)  pleural spaces. 
D)  alveoli. 
E)  terminal sacs.

Question 4

With what you have learned about pulmonary ventilation,how would you design an artificial respirator to keep patients with paralyzed respiratory muscles alive? How does artificial respiration by a machine compare to mouth-to-mouth respiration?

Accepted Answer

The answer of With what you have learned about pulmonary...

Question 5

The cells of the lung that produce the substance that lowers surface tension are ________

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cells of the lung that produce...

Question 6

Match the lung volume with its description.
-the minimum amount of air always present in the respiratory system,after blowing out all you can

Accepted Answer

A) tidal volume 
B) inspiratory reserve volume 
C) expiratory reserve volume 
D) residual volume

Question 7

Match the type of breathing with its description.
-increased respiratory rate and/or volume without increased metabolism

Accepted Answer

A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea

Question 8

Match the type of breathing with its description.
-increased respiratory rate and/or volume due to increased metabolism

Accepted Answer

A) hyperpnea 
B) hyperventilation 
C) tachypnea 
D) dyspnea 
E) apnea

Question 9

In quiet breathing,

Accepted Answer

A)  inspiration and expiration involve muscular contractions. 
B)  inspiration is passive and expiration involves muscular contractions. 
C)  inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive. 
D)  inspiration and expiration are both passive processes. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 10

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

Accepted Answer

A)  expiration occurs. 
B)  intrapulmonary pressure increases. 
C)  intrapleural pressure decreases. 
D)  the volume of the lungs decreases. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 11

Damage to the type II cells of the lungs would contribute to

Accepted Answer

A)  a thickening of the respiratory membrane. 
B)  an increased rate of gas exchange. 
C)  alveolar rupture. 
D)  alveolar collapse. 
E)  decreased surface tension in the water lining the alveoli.

Question 12

Match the lung capacity with its description.
-the total amount of air that can be exchanged at will

Accepted Answer

A) total lung capacity 
B) inspiratory capacity 
C) vital capacity 
D) functional residual capacity

Question 13

Describe the pleura and explain its role in respiration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the pleura and explain its role...

Question 14

Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and frequently has periods where he can hardly breathe.The problem is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  inflammation of the bronchi. 
B)  constriction of the trachea. 
C)  thick secretions that exceed the ability of the mucus elevator to transport them. 
D)  laryngospasms that occur in response to a toxic substance produced by the epithelial cells. 
E)  collapse of one or both lungs.

Question 15

Julia is breathing 14 times per minute,with a tidal volume of 520 mL and a dead space of 152 mL.Lyle is breathing 15 times per minute,with a tidal volume of 400 mL and a dead space of 175 mL.Which patient has better alveolar ventilation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Julia is breathing 14 times per minute,with...

Question 16

List the muscles of inspiration and expiration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the muscles of inspiration and expiration....

Question 17

Air moves into the lungs because

Accepted Answer

A)  the gas pressure in the lungs is less than outside pressure. 
B)  the volume of the lungs decreases with inspiration. 
C)  the thorax is muscular. 
D)  contraction of the diaphragm decreases the volume of the pleural cavity. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 18

If a student inhales as deeply as possible and then blows the air out until he cannot exhale any more,the amount of air that he expelled is his

Accepted Answer

A)  tidal volume. 
B)  inspiratory reserve volume. 
C)  expiratory reserve volume. 
D)  minimal volume. 
E)  vital capacity.

Question 19

Air moves out of the lungs because

Accepted Answer

A)  the gas pressure in the lungs is less than outside pressure. 
B)  the volume of the lungs decreases with expiration. 
C)  the thorax is muscular. 
D)  contraction of the diaphragm increases the volume of the pleural cavity. 
E)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 20

Place the following structures of the respiratory tree in the order in which air passes through them.
1)secondary bronchi
2)bronchioles
3)primary bronchi
4)alveoli
5)terminal bronchioles

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 1, 2, 3, 5 
B)  1, 3, 5, 2, 4 
C)  3, 1, 5, 2, 4 
D)  3, 1, 2, 5, 4 
E)  1, 3, 2, 5, 4

Exam 17: Mechanics of Breathing

Match the change in gas composition with the response (disregard weak responses) . -Arterioles: systemic dilate,pulmonary constrict.