Question 1

Which of the following accurately reflects the findings of research on violent video games and aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boys are more aggressive after playing violent video games than girls
B)  Violent video games only have short term effects on aggressive behaviour
C)  There has been very little research on this topic
D)  The association is consistent across cultures,roles played in the games,and duration of time spent playing D

Question 2

In Eysenck's biosocial theory of crime,the degree to which people learn from environmental stimuli,such as parental discipline,is determined differences in:

Accepted Answer

A)  parenting style
B)  functioning of the nervous system
C)  their ability to learn from siblings
D)  intellectual capacity B

Question 3

Which of the following statements summarizes the "general theory of crime" according to Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990)?

Accepted Answer

A)  low self-control in the presence of criminal opportunities explains an individual's propensity to commit crimes
B)  low self-control,regardless of opportunities,explains an individual's propensity to commit crimes
C)  the presence of criminal opportunities,regardless of parenting style,explains an individual's propensity to commit crimes
D)  socio-economic status explains an individual's propensity to commit crimes A

Question 4

Cross-sectional research methodology is employed when researchers follow groups of individuals over time to examine how their behaviour changes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to psychoanalytic theory,the id is governed by the reality principle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In operant conditioning,which occurs when a behaviour is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus,thereby increasing that behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  negative punishment
B)  positive punishment
C)  positive reinforcement
D)  negative reinforcement

Question 7

The ego attempts to mediate between one's primal needs and society's demands.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

According to Gottfredson and Hirschi's "general theory of crime",crime is an inevitable consequence for those who lack self-control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Glueck and Glueck's (1950) cross-sectional research attributed the differences between delinquents and non-delinquents to:

Accepted Answer

A)  peer-power,the primary source for superego development
B)  parenting factors,the primary source for id development
C)  peer-power,the primary source for id development
D)  parenting factors,the primary source for superego development

Question 10

Aker's social learning theory emphasizes classical conditioning models of learned behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The idea that humans are thought to be inherently antisocial,driven by pleasure-seeking and destructive impulses,is what kind of approach to human nature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Person-centered
B)  Behaviourism
C)  Biosocial
D)  Psychodynamic

Question 12

The main premise of Akers' social learning theory is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  offenders are typically introduced to crime by the friends they hang out with most
B)  offenders learn how to commit crime both personally as well as by imitating those who are rewarded for crime
C)  interventions for criminal activity are most effective if they are delivered in a group setting rather than one-on-one
D)  those who grow up commit crimes have difficulty associating punishments with behaviour in childhood

Question 13

What does Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime argue about the determinants of crime?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory...

Question 14

Research on the effects of video game violence on antisocial behaviour reveals that the more a person is exposed to such games,the most likely that person will exhibit aggression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In terms of using punishment as an effective strategy for either increasing or decreasing the likelihood of a behaviour,the three factors that are important to consider are:

Accepted Answer

A)  immediacy,random feedback,and intensity
B)  immediacy,consistency and intensity
C)  reinforcement,feedback and intensity
D)  location,consistency and immediacy

Question 16

If we describe a criminal as having a "harsh superego" which includes often high levels of unconscious guilt we would categorize him/her as what kind of criminal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurotic
B)  Deviant
C)  Common
D)  Primitive

Question 17

Bowlby's Theory of Maternal deprivation has strong support and has not been challenged.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

According to Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation,children will not develop the means to control their conduct and will be more likely to exhibit antisocial patterns of behavior if:

Accepted Answer

A)  they experienced too much maternal care in childhood
B)  there was a disruption to the primary mother-child relationship
C)  they developed too strong an attachment to their siblings
D)  they experienced multiple mother figures

Question 19

Explain how the personal,interpersonal,and community-reinforcement theory of crime (PIC-R) integrates various components of the psychodynamic,learning,and social learning perspectives of criminal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how the personal,interpersonal,and community-reinforcement theory of...

Question 20

Behaviour that is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus and increases the frequency of that behaviour is positive reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: Learning and Environment Psychology of Criminal Behaviour

Which of the following accurately reflects the findings of research on violent video games and aggression?

In Eysenck's biosocial theory of crime,the degree to which people learn from environmental stimuli,such as parental discipline,is determined differences in:

Which of the following statements summarizes the "general theory of crime" according to Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990) ?

Cross-sectional research methodology is employed when researchers follow groups of individuals over time to examine how their behaviour changes.

According to psychoanalytic theory,the id is governed by the reality principle.

In operant conditioning,which occurs when a behaviour is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus,thereby increasing that behaviour?

The ego attempts to mediate between one's primal needs and society's demands.

According to Gottfredson and Hirschi's "general theory of crime",crime is an inevitable consequence for those who lack self-control.

Glueck and Glueck's (1950) cross-sectional research attributed the differences between delinquents and non-delinquents to:

Aker's social learning theory emphasizes classical conditioning models of learned behaviour.

The idea that humans are thought to be inherently antisocial,driven by pleasure-seeking and destructive impulses,is what kind of approach to human nature?

The main premise of Akers' social learning theory is that:

What does Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime argue about the determinants of crime?

Research on the effects of video game violence on antisocial behaviour reveals that the more a person is exposed to such games,the most likely that person will exhibit aggression.

In terms of using punishment as an effective strategy for either increasing or decreasing the likelihood of a behaviour,the three factors that are important to consider are:

If we describe a criminal as having a "harsh superego" which includes often high levels of unconscious guilt we would categorize him/her as what kind of criminal?

Bowlby's Theory of Maternal deprivation has strong support and has not been challenged.

According to Bowlby's theory of maternal deprivation,children will not develop the means to control their conduct and will be more likely to exhibit antisocial patterns of behavior if:

Explain how the personal,interpersonal,and community-reinforcement theory of crime (PIC-R) integrates various components of the psychodynamic,learning,and social learning perspectives of criminal behaviour.

Behaviour that is followed by the removal of an aversive stimulus and increases the frequency of that behaviour is positive reinforcement.