Question 1

A component that separates occupations from professions is commitment. Which of the following is the best way that nurses can show commitment to each other?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reporting substandard practice by unlicensed personnel
B)   Reading the professional literature
C)   Mentoring nursing students and novice nurses
D)   Making a financial donation to a professional organization C

Question 2

Which of the following characteristics of a profession were listed in Flexner's work on professions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Activities of professions are more physically than intellectually oriented.
B)   Activities of professions are based on their own body of knowledge.
C)   Beliefs of professions are more theoretical than practical.
D)   Beliefs and traditions are handed down from generation to generation. B

Question 3

The process of professionalization of an occupation typically follows a pattern of developmental stages. One of the stages is collective identity. Which of the following is an example of collective identity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Legal right to practice profession to protect unique skills from outsiders
B)   Apprenticeship programs to develop skills
C)   A loose association of practitioners
D)   Definition of the profession's mission related to full-time work A

Question 4

The nursing profession has experienced barriers to professionalism. Which of the following is the primary current barrier to nursing's professionalism?

Accepted Answer

A)   Too many men in nursing
B)   Unquestioning obedience to doctors
C)   Limitations placed on practice by state legislators
D)   Variability of educational backgrounds of nurses

Question 5

According to the nurse's Code of Ethics, the hallmark of nursing practice is

Accepted Answer

A)   autonomy.
B)   accountability.
C)   evidence-based practice.
D)   altruism.

Question 6

An important aspect of professionalism is collegiality. Which of the following demonstrates collegiality? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Assisting a nurse researcher with data collection related to measuring stress levels in hospitalized children
B)   Reporting a nursing assistant to the nurse manager when heart rate was not recorded in a patient
C)   Participating in weekly patient care conferences with physicians, social workers, and other therapists
D)   Sharing with another nurse that you heard the nurse manager is dating the new physical therapist on the unit
E)   Serving as a preceptor to a nurse completing a refresher course to reactivate her nursing license.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between an occupation and a profession?

Accepted Answer

A)   A profession requires a duty to serve.
B)   A profession is defined by members' average income.
C)   In a profession, action is based on intuition.
D)   In a profession, knowledge is handed down from generation to generation.

Question 8

Scholars have defined "profession" through the years. Which of the following were identified as common major characteristics according to scholars? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   It is based on a body of knowledge that can be learned.
B)   It has a service orientation.
C)   Practice is in a single recognized setting.
D)   Professionals control their own practice.
E)   Skills can be learned in a variety of settings, including through job training.

Question 9

Which of the following was recognized earliest as a true profession?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ministry
B)   Teaching
C)   Social work
D)   Engineering

Question 10

Preparation is a component that separates occupations from professions. Which of the following is the best way that a nurse demonstrates preparation for the profession?

Accepted Answer

A)   Improves nursing practice through the use of trial and error methods
B)   Focuses on the skills needed for the practice setting
C)   Articulates the values of caring and compassion in patient-centered care
D)   Utilizes textbooks from college to support practice 5 years after graduation

Question 11

The document that provides professional standards and a framework for professional decision making that ensures decisions are made with the highest integrity is the

Accepted Answer

A)   Nurse Practice Act.
B)   Code of Ethics.
C)   Nursing's Social Policy Statement.
D)   bylaws of the American Nurses Association (AN
A)  .

Question 12

A major challenge to full autonomy for nurses is/are

Accepted Answer

A)   state nurse practice acts.
B)   lobbyists for the American Medical Association (AM
A)   and hospital associations.
C)   the status of nurses in hospital hierarchy.
D)   the view of physicians as the gatekeepers in health care.

Question 13

Similarities exist between various ideas about what constitutes a profession. Which of the following is believed to be a characteristic of a profession?

Accepted Answer

A)   Members have autonomy.
B)   Members are trained on the job.
C)   Members are motivated primarily by financial reward.
D)   The group lacks a code of ethics.

Question 14

One of the characteristics of a profession identified by Kelly was "there is an organization (association) that encourages and supports high standards of practice." Which of the following illustrates a concern for nursing meeting this characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)   The ANA has existed for more than 100 years.
B)   Nursing specialty organizations have greater power to influence practice than a more general nursing organization.
C)   The membership of the ANA is less than 10% of all nurses.
D)   The purpose of the ANA does not address the economic and general welfare of nurses.

Question 15

A barrier to professionalism attributed to nursing's roots in altruism is illustrated when a nurse

Accepted Answer

A)   questions a medication order written by the physician.
B)   takes the time to listen to a patient's fears about surgery.
C)   needs to seek approval from charge nurse to give a PRN medication.
D)   feels guilty for expecting to be paid well for work.

Exam 3: Nursing's Pathway to Professionalism