Question 1

Research on diversity in groups indicates that, compared to more homogeneous groups, diverse groups tend to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  have the potential for better performance 
B)  be less creative 
C)  have higher group morale 
D)  be more cooperative

Question 2

According to your text, who probably laughs the most?

Accepted Answer

A)  Justin, the CEO of a successful business 
B)  Nicole, the chairman of the board of a bank 
C)  Amber, the secretary at a large corporation 
D)  Jena, a famous actress with lots of political clout

Question 3

Suppose that you are working on a group project with four other people, and that you need to come up with ideas about how to find research participants to complete a survey for free. Should you brainstorm ideas as a group or work independently?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brainstorm-productivity will be about the same, but morale will be higher. 
B)  Brainstorm-both productivity and morale will be higher. 
C)  This depends on your goals-brainstorming will be less productive, but will raise morale more. 
D)  Work independently-morale will be about the same, and productivity will be higher.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the condition(s) essential to the "wisdom of crowds" effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  diversity of opinion 
B)  independence of thought 
C)  confidence 
D)  diversity of opinion and independence of thought

Question 5

Research suggests that group decision-making is superior to individual decision-making when ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  group members discuss the pros and cons of each point of view 
B)  group members engage in active, collaborative brainstorming 
C)  group members work independently and contribute their separate ideas 
D)  groups have a strong leader

Question 6

Research on diversity in groups indicates that, compared to more homogenous groups, diverse groups generally perform better.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

How much work has social psychology done, as a discipline, in the areas of power and leadership?

Accepted Answer

A)  A great deal of work in both areas 
B)  A great deal of work on power, but very little work on leadership 
C)  A great deal of work on leadership, but very little work on power 
D)  Little work in either area

Question 8

In one of the earliest social psychological experiments to be conducted, Norman Triplett examined the records of teams of cyclists. He found that cyclists who raced against each other ____ than those who raced alone (against the clock).

Accepted Answer

A)  were more aggressive after the race 
B)  got into more accidents 
C)  cycled more quickly 
D)  enjoyed the race less

Question 9

Early research in social psychology conducted by Max Ringelmann revealed that people ____ when they work as part of a group (e.g., pushing a car off of the road with two other people) compared to when they work alone at the same task.

Accepted Answer

A)  do not work as hard 
B)  work harder 
C)  feel like they are doing more work 
D)  feel like they are doing less work

Question 10

Research suggests that one of the reasons groups may make foolish decisions is that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  members may self-censor 
B)  being in groups lowers morale 
C)  group members socialize too much 
D)  only mediocre employees participate in groups

Question 11

Good leaders use ____ to motivate other people to set aside self-interest in order to work toward the group's goals.

Accepted Answer

A)  discipline 
B)  manipulation 
C)  vision 
D)  financial rewards

Question 12

A research study on the effects of power found that powerful bosses ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  gave workers little credit for the work they did 
B)  attributed accomplishments to the workers' motivation and efforts 
C)  rated their workers more favorably overall 
D)  overestimated their employees' worth

Question 13

People tend to reduce effort when working in a group as opposed to when working alone. This phenomenon is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation 
B)  evaluation apprehension 
C)  the bad apple effect 
D)  social loafing

Question 14

____ is the tendency for shared or jointly owned resources to be squandered and not used in an optimal or advantageous fashion.

Accepted Answer

A)  The resource trap 
B)  Social loafing 
C)  The commons dilemma 
D)  The bad apple effect

Question 15

Suppose that Office Building X makes use of an open floor plan with many shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices). This kind of floor plan is likely to increase productivity among some employees but decrease productivity among others. Of the people below, who is likely to suffer most?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tom, a copy machine operator 
B)  Suzanne, an analyst 
C)  Moe, a typist 
D)  Ursula, a janitor

Question 16

Suppose that you have just joined a local volleyball team. Which factor would be least likely to make you feel bonded, or unified, with your new team?

Accepted Answer

A)  You learn that there is a rival team in a nearby neighborhood. 
B)  You and your team share an emotional experience when one team member is hurt while playing. 
C)  You learn that people on your team come from a wide range of backgrounds and lifestyles. 
D)  Your team selects a mascot and comes up with a team song.

Question 17

The term ____ refers to a process by which members of a small group remember different kinds of information.

Accepted Answer

A)  transactive memory 
B)  groupthink 
C)  brainstorming 
D)  collective unconscious

Question 18

The idea that one social loafer can cause others to loaf as well is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation 
B)  evaluation apprehension 
C)  the free rider problem 
D)  the bad apple effect

Question 19

While many modern offices make use of open shared spaces (rather than cubicles or offices), this office style can hinder productivity. Indeed, this office style is likely to be particularly detrimental for employees who work on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple tasks that they have performed many times 
B)  simple but novel tasks 
C)  complex tasks that they have performed many times 
D)  complex, novel tasks

Question 20

Leaders that focus on planning, motivating, coordinating inputs, and providing feedback are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  relationship-oriented 
B)  task-oriented 
C)  toxic 
D)  legitimate

Exam 14: Groups