Question 1

Based on the social psychological definition of loneliness, who is probably most lonely?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mildred, who has only one friend
B)   Beverly, who has relatively few (but close)  friends and spends about half of her evenings at home alone.
C)   Makeda, who has many friends, but does not have a particularly deep connection with any of them
D)   Anita, who has many friends, but is so busy that she sees them less than once a week C

Question 2

In Festinger, Schachter, and Back's (1950) study of friendship formation in a dormitory, ____________________ predicted who would be come friends with each other.

Accepted Answer

propinquity

Question 3

The painful feeling of wanting more human contact or connection than you have is known as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   ostracism
B)   social rejection
C)   loneliness
D)   rejection sensitivity C

Question 4

According to the textbook, the tendency for people to be attracted to others who are similar to them (rather than different from them) is probably an evolved preference-adaptive for humans and present in other animals as well.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Based on the social psychological definition of loneliness, it can be assumed that people are lonely if they ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   are married but have no friends
B)   do not see anyone for over a week at a time
C)   do not have at least three people they talk to on a regular basis
D)   do not have as much contact or connection with others as they would like

Question 6

Suppose that there are two winners for the Nobel Prize in Economics this year, and suppose that one of them is a professor at your university while the other is a professor somewhere else. Research suggests that you will tend to

Accepted Answer

A)   judge the winner from your university more positively.
B)   judge the winner from the other university more positively.
C)   judge the winner from your university more positively-but only if you have extremely high self-esteem.
D)   judge the winner from your university more positively-but only if you have extremely low self-esteem.

Question 7

The tendency to expect rejection from others and to be hypersensitive to rejection, is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   the bad apple effect
B)   rejection sensitivity
C)   loneliness
D)   ostracism

Question 8

Suppose that you are on a date with a new person, and you are trying to get this person to be attracted to you. Which of the following actions should you avoid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mimic your date's hand gestures and tone of voice.
B)   Explicitly tell your date that you like him or her.
C)   Discuss experiences you share, even if they are negative (e.g., discuss the fact that you both have chronic car problems) .
D)   Tell your date that you are not sure if you like him or her yet.

Question 9

Research has demonstrated that the matching hypothesis holds true for ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   opposite-sex romantic relationships (but in no other cases) 
B)   all types of romantic relationships (but not for friendships) 
C)   all types of romantic relationships and for female-female friendships (but not for male-male friendships or female-male friendships) 
D)   all types of romantic relationships and all types of friendships

Question 10

Joy has many friends, but when she chooses to do a particular activity, she always wants to do that activity with the friend who is best suited to it. If she is playing racquetball, she wants to play with her friend who is a great racquetball player. If she is running, she wants to go with a different friend who is a runner. Based on this information, Joy is probably a low self-monitor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Suppose that Wanda, Edgar, and Sue are three lonely individuals who all cope with their loneliness in various ways. Wanda has a large greenhouse with numerous plants, and she talks with her plants every morning as though they were close friends. Edgar, by contrast, strongly identifies with his favorite sports teams, and comes to think of his attachments to these teams as relationships. Finally, Sue copes with her loneliness by watching several situation comedies, where she thinks of the characters on these shows as her "friends." Which of these strategies is likely to be effective at alleviating loneliness?

Accepted Answer

A)   Wanda's-but not Edgar's or Sue's
B)   Edgar's-but not Sue's or Wanda's
C)   Wanda's and Edgar's-but not Sue's
D)   All three

Question 12

In general, doing favors for people is a good way to promote liking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Consider the research regarding the relationships people have with large groups or organizations (e.g., people's ties with their universities or workplaces). Can such relationships "stand in" for interpersonal relationships, such that people with these types of relationships (but no interpersonal relationships) are not necessarily lonely?

Accepted Answer

A)   No, these relationships cannot "stand in" for interpersonal relationships.
B)   Yes, although this tends to be true only for men.
C)   Yes, although this tends to be true only for older people.
D)   Yes, although this tends to be true only within individualistic cultures.

Question 14

According to the social psychological definition, loneliness ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   is about the quality of one's relationships-not the quantity
B)   is about the quantity of one's relationships-not the quality
C)   can be about the quality of one's relationships OR the quantity of one's relationships-though it tends to be about quality
D)   can be about the quality of one's relationships OR the quantity of one's relationships-though it tends to be about quantity

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of the bad apple effect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Denny has always been a bit deviant. Since he has been deviant at many times and in many situations, he is likely to be deviant many more times and in many more situations in the future as well.
B)   Tanya experiences social rejection by her peers. As a result, she begins to shoplift and vandalize buildings.
C)   Fifth-grader Ursula began playing pranks on her teacher about a month ago-throwing things at him when his back was turned and making derogatory jokes at his expense. Now, the class is in mayhem because gradually, everyone else in the class began copying her.
D)   Edwin is eight, and he experiences social rejection by his peers. As a result, he learns to socially reject other children as soon as he meets them.

Question 16

Suppose that Tundi is a middle-aged businessperson living in Ohio. Research suggests that Tundi would be MOST likely to experience social rejection by his peers if he was ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   highly aggressive-routinely yelling at others and trying to pick fights
B)   very different from others-physically deformed, a fervent believer in an unusual religion, and a bizarre dresser
C)   lacking in intelligence-unable to perform basic mathematical calculations, and very slow to understand jokes
D)   extraordinarily small and weak-a full foot shorter than anyone else for miles, and physically weaker than all of his peers

Question 17

Identify and discuss three of the factors that contribute to interpersonal liking (i.e., three of the things that, in general, make a person more or less likeable).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify and discuss three of the factors...

Question 18

Research on ingratiation has confirmed two themes of interpersonal rewards. Those two themes are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   giving compliments and communicating often
B)   communicating often and doing favors
C)   communicating often and looking attractive
D)   giving compliments and doing favors

Question 19

The ____________________ effect refers to the idea that one person who breaks the rules can inspire others to break the rules.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ effect refers to the idea...

Question 20

Among men, which of the following is least associated with high levels of testosterone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Unstable marriage
B)   Disinterest in staying at home and caring for children
C)   High sex drive
D)   High incidence of depression

Exam 11: Attraction and Exclusion

Based on the social psychological definition of loneliness, who is probably most lonely?

In Festinger, Schachter, and Back's (1950) study of friendship formation in a dormitory, ____________________ predicted who would be come friends with each other.

The painful feeling of wanting more human contact or connection than you have is known as _____.

According to the textbook, the tendency for people to be attracted to others who are similar to them (rather than different from them) is probably an evolved preference-adaptive for humans and present in other animals as well.

Based on the social psychological definition of loneliness, it can be assumed that people are lonely if they ____.

Suppose that there are two winners for the Nobel Prize in Economics this year, and suppose that one of them is a professor at your university while the other is a professor somewhere else. Research suggests that you will tend to

The tendency to expect rejection from others and to be hypersensitive to rejection, is known as ____.

Suppose that you are on a date with a new person, and you are trying to get this person to be attracted to you. Which of the following actions should you avoid?

Research has demonstrated that the matching hypothesis holds true for ____.

In general, doing favors for people is a good way to promote liking.

According to the social psychological definition, loneliness ____.

Which of the following is an example of the bad apple effect?

Suppose that Tundi is a middle-aged businessperson living in Ohio. Research suggests that Tundi would be MOST likely to experience social rejection by his peers if he was ____.

Identify and discuss three of the factors that contribute to interpersonal liking (i.e., three of the things that, in general, make a person more or less likeable).

Research on ingratiation has confirmed two themes of interpersonal rewards. Those two themes are ____.

The ____________________ effect refers to the idea that one person who breaks the rules can inspire others to break the rules.

Among men, which of the following is least associated with high levels of testosterone?