Question 1

Tricia suffers a stroke at the age of 35.As a result,her motor functioning is severely impaired.Her movements become awkward,jerky,and uncoordinated.In this scenario,her symptoms are most likely caused by damage to the

Accepted Answer

A) amygdalA. 
B) medulla. 
C) cerebellum. 
D) hippocampus.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true according to the dominant-recessive genes principle?

Accepted Answer

A) A recessive gene exerts its influence only if both genes of a pair are recessive. 
B) Genotype of an individual changes according to the changes in the individual's phenotype. 
C) In a gene pair,the dominant gene helps the recessive gene express its instructions. 
D) A genotype is an individual's observable characteristics.

Question 3

Lionel is preparing for his first job interview.The night before the interview,he is restless and anxious;his palms are sweating and his heart is beating faster than usual.In this scenario,Lionel's physiological responses can be best attributed to his _____ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) central 
B) somatic 
C) parasympathetic 
D) sympathetic

Question 4

In the context of specialized cell structure,which of the following components of a nerve cell hardens in patients with multiple sclerosis?

Accepted Answer

A) cell body 
B) dendrites 
C) nucleus 
D) myelin sheath

Question 5

While preparing dinner,Maya accidentally touches a hot dish.Which of the following divisions of the nervous system will be responsible for conveying information to the brain that she has touched something hot?

Accepted Answer

A) the sympathetic nervous system 
B) the autonomic nervous system 
C) the somatic nervous system 
D) the parasympathetic nervous system

Question 6

James's brain injury has resulted in him not being able to process information about the things he sees around him or to react to them appropriately.In the context of the cerebral cortex,which of his brain regions is most likely to be damaged?

Accepted Answer

A) association cortex 
B) parietal lobe 
C) occipital lobe 
D) somatosensory cortex

Question 7

Adrian,a neurologist,is examining the brain activity of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.He observes images of their brains while they are performing a reading task and then again when they are not engaged in the activity.He compares these readings.Although he establishes a relationship between the two variables,he is not able to establish that one variable causes the other.Which of the following brain imaging techniques is he most likely to have used for his study?

Accepted Answer

A) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 
B) positron-emission tomography (PET scan) 
C) computerized axial tomography (CAT scan) 
D) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

Question 8

Discuss the key function of the neurotransmitter that is deficient in patients with anxiety disorders.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the key function of the neurotransmitter...

Question 9

In the context of the cerebral hemispheres,a split brain occurs due to

Accepted Answer

A) loss of the myelin sheath. 
B) pressure on the frontal lobe. 
C) severance of the corpus callosum. 
D) damage to the amygdala.

Question 10

Selective breeding studies demonstrate that

Accepted Answer

A) genes are an important influence on behavior. 
B) behavior is uninfluenced by experience. 
C) it is ethical to practice eugenics. 
D) fraternal twins develop from the same egg and sperm.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true of neurotransmitters?

Accepted Answer

A) They are stored in dendrites. 
B) They are electrical signals. 
C) They move in a random manner. 
D) They are the source of nutrition for most neurons.

Question 12

In an emergency,the sympathetic nervous system helps the body by

Accepted Answer

A) unmyelinating neurons to facilitate faster information transmission. 
B) stimulating the production of glial cells to help transmit chemical messages. 
C) reducing the rate of information exchange between the autonomic nervous system and the motor nerves. 
D) triggering the release of stress hormones.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of plasticity?

Accepted Answer

A) Changes in the brain structure in response to experience 
B) Transmission of information from a neuron to a glial cell 
C) Myelination of epidermal cells 
D) Changes in the structure of astrocytes residing within glial cells

Question 14

The somatic nervous system consists of motor nerves,whose function is to

Accepted Answer

A) mobilize the body for action in a dangerous situation. 
B) tell muscles what to do. 
C) reduce the stress levels of the body. 
D) convey information from the skin and muscles to the central nervous system.

Question 15

Which of the following is a similarity between the neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine?

Accepted Answer

A) Both are responsible for inhibiting neurons from firing. 
B) Both are involved in the learning process. 
C) Both are associated with Parkinson disease. 
D) Both are released in response to stress.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true of stem cells?

Accepted Answer

A) They convert glial cells into neurons. 
B) They can develop into most types of human cells. 
C) They are produced by brain grafts. 
D) They can cause a neuron to transmit information even when it is polarizeD.

Question 17

Which of the following scenarios illustrates the effective functioning of the right hemisphere of the human brain?

Accepted Answer

A) Joan sings a song to her daughter. 
B) Josh recognizes the alphabets on the blackboard. 
C) Terrence solves a puzzle in class. 
D) Melissa recognizes that Norah is sad by looking at her face.

Question 18

In the context of the organization of the brain,damage to the hippocampus impairs

Accepted Answer

A) autonomic functioning. 
B) motor activity. 
C) sexual functioning. 
D) memory formation.

Question 19

Which of the following is the role of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine?

Accepted Answer

A) It excites neurons into firing during stressful times. 
B) It blocks glutamate receptors from receiving glutamate. 
C) It inhibits the heart muscle,intestines,and urogenital tract. 
D) It helps to control the level of alertness.

Question 20

Depression is associated with low levels of the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine. 
B) gamma aminobutyric acid (GAB
A) . 
C) dopamine. 
D) norepinephrine.

Exam 3: Biological Foundations of Behavior