Question 1

A 7.50 × 10-³m³ bottle contains 0.0200 kg of oxygen gas,O₂,at 77.0 °C.What is the pressure exerted on the inner walls of the flask by the oxygen gas? Note: the atomic mass of O is 15.9994 u.

Accepted Answer

A) 8.42 × 10⁴ Pa 
B) 1.45 × 10⁵ Pa 
C) 2.43 × 10⁵ Pa 
D) 4.86 × 10⁵ Pa 
E) 1.46 × 10⁶ Pa

Question 2

Two moles of a monatomic gas with an rms speed of 294 m/s are contained in a tank that has a volume of 0.12 m³.If each gas particle has a mass of 8.220 × 10-²⁶ kg,what is the absolute pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.1 × 10⁵ Pa 
B) 1.1 × 10⁴ Pa 
C) 4.8 × 10⁴ Pa 
D) 2.4 × 10⁴ Pa 
E) 3.0 × 10⁴ Pa

Question 3

A lower tank contains water while an upper tank contains air with a negligible concentration of water vapor.A tube with a circular cross section and radius 0.050 m is inserted between the two tanks.The length of the tube is 0.25 m.The diffusion coefficient of water vapor through air is 2.4 × 10-⁵ m²/s.The concentration of water vapor just above the surface of the water is 1.7 × 10-² kg/m³.If the water vapor is removed from the upper tank so that the concentration there remains nearly zero,what mass of water vapor diffuses through the tube each hour?

Accepted Answer

A) 4.6 × 10-⁵ kg 
B) 2.0 × 10-⁶ kg 
C) 7.1 × 10-⁷ kg 
D) 1.3 × 10-⁸ kg 
E) 8.2 × 10-⁸ kg

Question 4

Note the following six properties: 
(1) pressure		
(2) moment of inertia		
(3) volume
(4) latent heat
(5) number of molecules
(6) temperature
 Which four of the listed properties are needed to describe an ideal gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 1,2,4,6 
B) 1,3,5,6 
C) 1,3,4,6 
D) 1,4,5,6 
E) 2,4,5,6

Question 5

What is the approximate mass of an oxygen molecule,O₂,if the atomic mass of oxygen is 15.9994 u?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.657 × 10-²⁶ kg 
B) 5.313 × 10-²⁶ kg 
C) 3.200 × 10-²⁵ kg 
D) 6.400 × 10-²⁵ kg 
E) 1.927 × 10-²³ kg

Question 6

What is the internal energy of 1.75 kg of helium (atomic mass = 4.00260 u)with a temperature of 100 °C?

Accepted Answer

A) 4.65 × 10³ J 
B) 5.44 × 10⁵ J 
C) 2.03 × 10⁶ J 
D) 8.16 × 10⁶ J 
E) 1.22 × 10⁷ J

Question 7

A tank contains 135 moles of the monatomic gas argon at a temperature of 15.3 °C.How much energy must be added to the gas to increase its temperature to 45.0 °C?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.50 × 10³ J 
B) 3.33 × 10⁴ J 
C) 5.00 × 10⁴ J 
D) 5.70 × 10⁵ J 
E) 7.50 × 10⁶ J

Question 8

A sample of a monatomic ideal gas is originally at 20 °C.What is the final temperature of the gas if the pressure is doubled and volume is reduced to one-fourth its initial value?

Accepted Answer

A) 900 °C 
B) 10 °C 
C) 80 °C 
D) -130 °C 
E) -260 °C

Question 9

A five-liter tank contains 2.00 moles of oxygen gas,O₂,at 40 °C.What pressure is exerted on the sides of the tank by the oxygen molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) 83.3 Pa 
B) 4.01 × 10³ Pa 
C) 1.33 × 10⁵ Pa 
D) 4.01 × 10⁵ Pa 
E) 1.04 × 10⁶ Pa

Question 10

At what temperature would one mole of molecular nitrogen (N₂)have 7.0 × 10³ J of translational kinetic energy? Note: the atomic mass of N is 14 u.

Accepted Answer

A) 130 °C 
B) 290 °C 
C) 480 °C 
D) 560 °C 
E) 720 °C

Question 11

How many molecules are in 0.044 kg of carbon dioxide,CO₂? (atomic masses: C = 12 u;O = 16 u)

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 44 
C) 2.20 × 10²⁴ 
D) 6.02 × 10²³ 
E) 3.85 × 10²⁵

Question 12

An ideal gas is contained in a vessel with a moveable piston.Initially,the gas has a volume of 0.024 m³,an absolute pressure of 1.8 atm,and a temperature of 35.0 °C.The pressure is 0.90 atm when the volume of the container is decreased to 0.012 m³.What is the final temperature of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 77 K 
B) 85 K 
C) 170 K 
D) 154 K 
E) 282 K

Question 13

In the space between two stars,the temperature of a gas cloud is 12 K;and the density of the gas is 1.2 × 10-⁸ atom/m³.What is the absolute pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.0 × 10-³⁰ Pa 
B) 1.2 × 10-²⁸ Pa 
C) 2.0 × 10-¹⁷ Pa 
D) 1.2 × 10-⁶ Pa 
E) 1.4 × 10-⁴ Pa

Question 14

On a cold day (-3 °C),the gauge pressure on a tire is 2.0 atm.If the tire is heated to 27 °C,without changing its volume,what will the gauge pressure be?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.1 atm 
B) 2.3 atm 
C) 2.9 atm 
D) 3.3 atm 
E) 27 atm

Question 15

What is the density of methane,CH₄,(molecular mass = 16 u) at STP?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.357 kg/m³ 
B) 0.386 kg/m³ 
C) 0.431 kg/m³ 
D) 0.712 kg/m³ 
E) 0.951 kg/m³

Question 16

The temperature of a monatomic ideal gas with a mass per mole of 0.00750 kg/mol is 298 K.The absolute pressure of the gas is 1.65 × 10⁵ Pa when its volume is 1.21 × 10-³ m³.What is the mass of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 9.11 × 10-⁵ kg 
B) 2.18 × 10-⁴ kg 
C) 4.22 × 10-⁴ kg 
D) 6.04 × 10-⁴ kg 
E) 2.27 × 10-³ kg

Question 17

Neon gas at 305 K is confined within a constant volume at a pressure P₁.If the gas has a pressure P₂ when it is cooled to 125 K,what is the ratio of P₂ to P₁?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.410 
B) 0.639 
C) 0.717 
D) 1.56 
E) 2.44

Question 18

Complete the following statement: A bicycle tire explodes after lying in the hot afternoon sun.This is an illustration of

Accepted Answer

A) Charles' law. 
B) Boyle's law. 
C) Fick's law. 
D) the ideal gas law. 
E) the Maxwell speed distribution.

Question 19

The density of diamond,a form of carbon,is 3520 kg/m³.If the atomic mass of carbon is 12.011 u,how many carbon atoms are there in a solid diamond sphere with a radius of 0.0125 m?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.15 × 10²⁷ atoms 
B) 5.76 × 10²⁶ atoms 
C) 2.88 × 10²⁵ atoms 
D) 1.44 × 10²⁴ atoms 
E) 7.21 × 10²³ atoms

Question 20

A bubble with a volume of 1.0 cm³ forms at the bottom of a lake that is 20.0 m deep.The temperature at the bottom of the lake is 10.0 °C.The bubble rises to the surface where the temperature is 25.0 °C.Assume that the bubble is small enough that its temperature always matches that of its surroundings.What is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks the surface of the water?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.1 cm³ 
B) 2.8 cm³ 
C) 3.1 cm³ 
D) 6.0 cm³ 
E) 7.7 cm³

Exam 14: The Ideal Gas Law and Kinetic Theory

A 7.50 × 10^-³m³ bottle contains 0.0200 kg of oxygen gas,O₂,at 77.0 °C.What is the pressure exerted on the inner walls of the flask by the oxygen gas? Note: the atomic mass of O is 15.9994 u.

Two moles of a monatomic gas with an rms speed of 294 m/s are contained in a tank that has a volume of 0.12 m³.If each gas particle has a mass of 8.220 × 10^-²⁶ kg,what is the absolute pressure of the gas?

Note the following six properties: (1) pressure (2) moment of inertia (3) volume (4) latent heat (5) number of molecules (6) temperature Which four of the listed properties are needed to describe an ideal gas?

What is the approximate mass of an oxygen molecule,O₂,if the atomic mass of oxygen is 15.9994 u?

What is the internal energy of 1.75 kg of helium (atomic mass = 4.00260 u) with a temperature of 100 °C?

A tank contains 135 moles of the monatomic gas argon at a temperature of 15.3 °C.How much energy must be added to the gas to increase its temperature to 45.0 °C?

A sample of a monatomic ideal gas is originally at 20 °C.What is the final temperature of the gas if the pressure is doubled and volume is reduced to one-fourth its initial value?

A five-liter tank contains 2.00 moles of oxygen gas,O₂,at 40 °C.What pressure is exerted on the sides of the tank by the oxygen molecules?

At what temperature would one mole of molecular nitrogen (N₂) have 7.0 × 10³ J of translational kinetic energy? Note: the atomic mass of N is 14 u.

How many molecules are in 0.044 kg of carbon dioxide,CO₂? (atomic masses: C = 12 u;O = 16 u)

An ideal gas is contained in a vessel with a moveable piston.Initially,the gas has a volume of 0.024 m³,an absolute pressure of 1.8 atm,and a temperature of 35.0 °C.The pressure is 0.90 atm when the volume of the container is decreased to 0.012 m³.What is the final temperature of the gas?

In the space between two stars,the temperature of a gas cloud is 12 K;and the density of the gas is 1.2 × 10^-⁸ atom/m³.What is the absolute pressure of the gas?

On a cold day (-3 °C) ,the gauge pressure on a tire is 2.0 atm.If the tire is heated to 27 °C,without changing its volume,what will the gauge pressure be?

What is the density of methane,CH₄,(molecular mass = 16 u) at STP?

The temperature of a monatomic ideal gas with a mass per mole of 0.00750 kg/mol is 298 K.The absolute pressure of the gas is 1.65 × 10⁵ Pa when its volume is 1.21 × 10^-³ m³.What is the mass of the gas?

Neon gas at 305 K is confined within a constant volume at a pressure P₁.If the gas has a pressure P₂ when it is cooled to 125 K,what is the ratio of P₂ to P₁?

Complete the following statement: A bicycle tire explodes after lying in the hot afternoon sun.This is an illustration of

The density of diamond,a form of carbon,is 3520 kg/m³.If the atomic mass of carbon is 12.011 u,how many carbon atoms are there in a solid diamond sphere with a radius of 0.0125 m?