Question 1

What is a characteristic of field experiments?

Accepted Answer

A) not well suited for evaluating applied questions 
B) well suited for exploring abstract social processes 
C) can be confident the findings apply to the real world 
D) high control over all features of the setting

Question 2

Referring to the Uhlmann and Cohen (2005)study discussed in the textbook,what was the mechanism that produced discrimination? What were the independent and dependent variables? Describe the experimental condition and the control condition.What impact did the experimental condition have?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Referring to the Uhlmann and Cohen (2005)study...

Question 3

At which stage of the laboratory experiment does debriefing occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Stage 1: the researcher creates a setting that is engaging and makes sense to the
Participant 
B) Stage 2: the researcher manipulates the independent variable while holding other factors constant 
C) Stage 3: the researcher devises a valid and reliable measure of the dependent variable 
D) Stage 4: the researcher assesses the quality of the experiment and works to ensure the participant's well-being

Question 4

Bella has conducted a laboratory experiment using a nonrandom sample of mostly white college students as participants.She found that nonmothers are preferred over mothers in hiring decisions.What follow-up strategy would do little to increase external validity?

Accepted Answer

A) replicate the study on a sample of older,more racially diverse adults 
B) conduct a field experiment 
C) conduct qualitive interviews 
D) replicate the study using less common names on the résumés

Question 5

Researchers have found that delineating clear hiring criteria

Accepted Answer

A) significantly eliminates bias in hiring decisions. 
B) significantly increases bias in hiring decisions. 
C) has no impact with respect to bias in hiring decisions. 
D) is nearly impossible to do.

Question 6

Which type of experiment is the purest form of an experiment because it allows the
Researcher to easily manipulate the independent variables,randomize participants
Into conditions,and control features of the experimental setting?

Accepted Answer

A) laboratory 
B) field 
C) population-based survey 
D) natural

Question 7

Design a study where there is a small possibility that participants might suffer minor harm-for example,feel shame or guilt.Describe this study in two or three sentences.In two or three paragraphs,describe the debriefing process of your study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Design a study where there is a...

Question 8

To be effective,the manipulation of the independent variable in a laboratory experiment
Needs to be

Accepted Answer

A) weak enough so that participants are not aware of it. 
B) strong enough so that participants are aware of it. 
C) strong enough so that participants guess the study's hypothesis. 
D) described verbally to the participants.

Question 9

Raj is interested in the impact of race and social class on interactions with the police.He has created a factorial design experiment.What is a characteristic of this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) his study has two independent variables-race and social class 
B) his study has three independent variables-race,social class,and quality of interaction with police officers 
C) his study has one independent variable (race)and two dependent variables (social class and quality of interaction with police officers) 
D) his study has one independent variable (race)and one dependent variable (quality of interaction with police officers)

Question 10

An experiment in which the independent variable is manipulated by "nature," not by the experimenter,is known as a ________ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) laboratory 
B) field 
C) population-based survey 
D) natural

Question 11

George is researching the relationship between racial animosity and political preference.However,he tells his subjects that his study is about undergraduate political party preferences,Which is false.This false reason for participation in an experiment is known as

Accepted Answer

A) a debriefing. 
B) a cover story. 
C) an experimental condition. 
D) salience.

Question 12

What is a double-blind study?

Accepted Answer

A) a study where the participant is not aware of which condition the participant is in but the researcher is 
B) a study where the researcher is not aware of which condition the participant is in but the participant is 
C) a study where neither the researcher nor the participant is aware of which condition the participant is in 
D) a study where both the researcher and the participant are aware of which condition the participant is in

Question 13

State a research question.Decide which experimental method you will use-laboratory experiment,field experiment,survey experiment,and natural experiment.What is the independent variable and what is the dependent variable? Discuss how the independent variable will be manipulated and how the dependent variable will be measured.Discuss why you chose this method over the other three.In your answer,discuss the following: the extent to which the setting is artificial versus realistic,how well it tests abstract theories and concrete outcomes,the degree of internal and external validity,the amount of control the researcher has over the setting,and the ease with which participants can be randomly assigned to a condition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of State a research question.Decide which experimental method...

Question 14

Johann took part in a study that he was told initially was about test-taking strategies.After the experiment was over,he was surprised to learn that the actual purpose of the experiment was to determine whether exposure to negative racial stereotypes causes changes in test performance.The interview after the study when Johann was informed of the actual purpose of the experiment is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) debriefing. 
B) audit. 
C) panel survey. 
D) cognitive interview.

Question 15

Which of the following studies are institutional review boards (IRB)most likely to approve?

Accepted Answer

A) a study where costs to participants are high and the importance of the knowledge obtained is low 
B) a study where participants are elaborately debriefed 
C) studies where participants have not given their consent to participate 
D) studies where participant names are not kept confidential

Question 16

Self-reported responses of participants to questions about their attitudes,opinions,emotions,and beliefs are known as ________ measures.

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral 
B) attitudinal 
C) physiological 
D) longitudinal

Question 17

What is a necessary condition to establish causality?

Accepted Answer

A) Two variables must be positively correlated. 
B) Two variables must be negatively correlated. 
C) The independent variable must precede the dependent variable. 
D) The relationship between the independent variable and dependent variable
Must be spurious.

Question 18

When participants notice the experimental manipulation,such as noticing that a job applicant is female (or male),this is known as

Accepted Answer

A) internal validity. 
B) external validity. 
C) reliability. 
D) salience.

Question 19

Which method,because of its artificiality,is well suited for testing abstract theories about how the social world works?

Accepted Answer

A) survey 
B) experiment 
C) ethnography 
D) archival analysis

Question 20

Mihir is interested in understanding the relationship between social class and academic achievement.He is most interested in establishing cause-effect relationships between social class variables and academic achievement variables.Which research method should he choose?

Accepted Answer