Question 1

Trace the path of a red blood cell in a circuit that takes it from the capillary bed of the right kidney to the capillary bed of the left kidney.Assume that you are doing this for an animal with a double circulation system.

Accepted Answer

A) capillary bed of right kidney → venules → veins → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary arteries → capillaries of lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → arteries → arterioles → capillary bed of left kidney 
B) capillary bed of right kidney → venules → veins → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary veins → capillaries of lungs → pulmonary arteries → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → arteries → arterioles → capillary bed of left kidney 
C) capillary bed of right kidney → venules → veins → left atrium → left ventricle → pulmonary arteries → capillaries of lungs → pulmonary veins → right atrium → right ventricle → aorta → arteries → arterioles → capillary bed of left kidney 
D) capillary bed of right kidney → arterioles → arteries → aorta → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary arteries → capillaries of lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → veins → venules → capillary bed of left kidney

Question 2

Red blood cells with a sickle shape can block circulation in small blood vessels.Which blood vessels are most likely to become blocked by sickle cells?

Accepted Answer

A) veins 
B) arteries 
C) arterioles 
D) capillaries

Question 3

The scientists found that the level of carbon dioxide in the air did not cause college students to yawn more frequently.What other experiment could they conduct to confirm that they should reject the hypothesis that yawning is regulated in the same way as breathing?

Accepted Answer

A) Test the effect of hemoglobin amounts on the frequency of yawning. 
B) Test the effect of exercise levels on the frequency of yawning. 
C) Test the effect of carbon monoxide (CO)levels on the frequency of yawning. 
D) Test the effect of diet on the frequency of yawning.

Question 4

Please refer to the following art to answer the following questions.
 
-In varicose veins,the one-way flow of blood in veins is disrupted,which can cause swelling and blood clots.What might help return the blood flow in these veins to normal?

Accepted Answer

A) Reduce physical activity. 
B) Raise legs above the level of the heart when resting. 
C) Remove valves from varicose veins. 
D) Stand or sit still for long periods of time.

Question 5

The figure below shows that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) hemoglobin can bind to either oxygen or carbon dioxide 
B) a hemoglobin molecule can bind up to four molecules of oxygen 
C) a red blood cell contains four hemoglobin molecules 
D) each iron atom can bind four oxygen molecules

Question 6

The buildup of plaque in the walls of arteries results in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) leukemia 
B) atherosclerosis 
C) anemia 
D) low blood pressure

Question 7

Animals need O₂ because it ________.

Accepted Answer

A) plays a role in obtaining energy from food 
B) helps animals synthesize proteins 
C) is necessary to make CO₂ 
D) is needed to deliver hemoglobin to the cells of an animal's body

Question 8

Breathing is regulated by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the diaphragm and chest muscles 
B) the spinal cord 
C) the circulatory system 
D) control centers in the brain stem

Question 9

Earthworms use ________ as their respiratory surface.

Accepted Answer

A) lungs 
B) gills 
C) their skin 
D) tracheae

Question 10

In the human respiratory system,gas exchange occurs across the cells of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) diaphragm 
B) trachea 
C) bronchi 
D) alveoli

Question 11

When a person exhales to complete a yawn,what happens?

Accepted Answer

A) The rib muscles contract. 
B) The diaphragm contracts. 
C) The rib muscles act in the same way that they do in an inhalation. 
D) The diaphragm relaxes.

Question 12

The following figure illustrates ________.

Accepted Answer

A) diastolic blood pressure 
B) systolic blood pressure 
C) the pulmonary circuit 
D) the systemic circuit

Question 13

If you separated the components of blood and looked closely at only the plasma,you might find ________.

Accepted Answer

A) white blood cells 
B) red blood cells 
C) hormones 
D) platelets

Question 14

Please refer to the following art to answer the following questions.
 
-The one-way flow of blood in veins is maintained by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) blood pressure 
B) muscles pressing against the veins 
C) their thick walls 
D) valves

Question 15

Together,inhalation and exhalation are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion 
B) breathing 
C) active transport 
D) negative pressure

Question 16

Which of the following can cause anemia? I)bone marrow disease
II)iron deficiency
III)low number of white blood cells

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) I and II

Question 17

Oxygen is transported through the body mostly ________.

Accepted Answer

A) dissolved in the blood 
B) dissolved in red blood cells 
C) bound to hemoglobin 
D) bound to dissolved iron

Question 18

As a consequence of red blood cells' lack of nuclei and other organelles,they ________.

Accepted Answer

A) have more room to carry hemoglobin 
B) have a small surface area 
C) contain less hemoglobin than they might otherwise be able to carry 
D) can carry more calcium

Question 19

In a human,the ________ provide(s)a common passageway for both food and air.

Accepted Answer

A) bronchioles 
B) trachea 
C) pharynx 
D) alveoli

Question 20

Leukemia ________.

Accepted Answer

A) decreases the production of white blood cells 
B) increases the production of red blood cells 
C) is a cancer of the white blood cells 
D) is a cancer that arises in the lungs

Exam 23: Circulation and Respiration