Question 1

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)initially infects which system in persons who have AIDS?

Accepted Answer

A) bone marrow 
B) central nervous system 
C) gastrointestinal (GI)tract 
D) lymphatic

Question 2

When caring for a client with a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),the nurse understands that HIV is transmitted by:

Accepted Answer

A) airborne droplets 
B) exchange of body fluids 
C) exposure to infected animals or their waste products 
D) sexual activity only

Question 3

The nurse is teaching a client who had a liver transplant to observe for signs of rejection.The client's understanding is verified when what sign is listed?

Accepted Answer

A) nausea and vomiting 
B) altered mental status 
C) fever 
D) weight loss

Question 4

A client who has myasthenia gravis (MG)has all of the following nursing diagnoses.Which would reflect the greatest threat to the client?

Accepted Answer

A) Risk for aspiration 
B) Impaired verbal communication 
C) Knowledge deficit related to disease process 
D) Altered urinary elimination

Question 5

A client has been cleaning window screens for the past 2 days and has now developed sneezing;thin,watery nasal discharge;and redness and itching of the eyes.Which type of allergic reaction should the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

A) allergic rhinitis 
B) anaphylaxis 
C) animal dander hypersensitivity 
D) contact dermatitis

Question 6

The nurse is educating the client with histoplasmosis about prevention methods for future exposure.The nurse evaluates that the client needs future instruction if the client states that the possible sources include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) cleaning bird cages 
B) chicken coops 
C) fruit trees 
D) mushroom cellars

Question 7

Which of these statements about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)is true?

Accepted Answer

A) It occurs most commonly in young white males. 
B) It is characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission. 
C) It can be cured with prescribed medications. 
D) It is diagnosed by computerized tomography.

Question 8

How is active acquired immunity obtained?

Accepted Answer

A) by antibodies produced by another human being or an animal 
B) by exposure to a disease itself or its vaccine 
C) by innate resistance to illnesses specific to other species 
D) by transmission of antibodies through fetal circulation

Question 9

As the disease progresses,symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)become evident when which of the cells of the immune system decrease?

Accepted Answer

A) B cells 
B) macrophages 
C) neutrophils 
D) CD4 T cells

Question 10

Which interventions would apply when caring for a client at high risk for an allergic response to a latex allergy? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) Use nonlatex gloves. 
B) Keep a latex-free supply cart available for the client's use. 
C) Only use a blood pressure cuff from an electronic device to measure the blood pressure. 
D) Use medications from glass ampoules. 
E) Do not puncture rubber stoppers with needles.

Question 11

What oral fungal infection produces symptoms such as creamy,white intraoral lesions;mucosal tenderness;and painful swallowing in clients who are immunocompromised?

Accepted Answer

A) cryptosporidium colitis 
B) Epstein-Barr virus 
C) oral candidiasis 
D) oral hairy leukoplakia

Question 12

The nurse caring for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)provides teaching about measures to avoid fatigue.The nurse recognizes that the client needs additional teaching if the client states he or she should:

Accepted Answer

A) Avoid long periods of rest. 
B) Perform activities sitting whenever possible. 
C) Take a hot shower. 
D) Engage in low-impact exercise when well rested.

Question 13

Which of these medications is usually prescribed initially for the client who has rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

A) antimalarials 
B) corticosteroids 
C) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 
D) salicylates

Question 14

Early signs and symptoms of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)dementia complex include:

Accepted Answer

A) psychotic behaviors 
B) depression 
C) hyperactive behavior 
D) inability to concentrate

Question 15

Client teaching related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)would include which of these aspects?

Accepted Answer

A) Eat in a sitting position or with the head of the bed elevated. 
B) Report joint pain to health care provider immediately. 
C) Increase medication when symptoms increase in severity. 
D) Direct sun exposure may increase symptoms and is contraindicated.

Question 16

The nurse is caring for a client who just had an intravenous pyelogram (IVP).The client suddenly develops severe urticaria,angioedema,dyspnea,and cyanosis.Which of these actions should the nurse take first?

Accepted Answer

A) Administer epinephrine subcutaneously. 
B) Maintain the airway and administer oxygen via mask. 
C) Notify the health care provider for medication orders. 
D) Start an IV line of D5W.

Question 17

A coworker who has just completed an aseptic client procedure is now flushed and wheezing and complains of chest tightness and shortness of breath.Vital signs are heart rate 76,respiratory rate 24,and blood pressure 86/67.The nurse should suspect the coworker is experiencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) anaphylactic shock 
B) hypersensitivity to the antiseptic used in the procedure 
C) hypoglycemic shock 
D) latex allergy

Question 18

A client who has previously required blood transfusions is admitted for another transfusion.Four hours after a unit of blood infuses,the client develops fever,chills,nausea,and headache.The nurse should suspect the client is experiencing which type of transfusion reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) acute hemolytic 
B) allergic urticarial 
C) delayed hemolytic 
D) febrile nonhemolytic

Question 19

A nurse is clarifying information for a client whose ELISA test is negative.After reviewing the test results with the client,which aspect should be included?

Accepted Answer

A) Assess the client's risk behavior and strategies for reducing risk. 
B) Make a follow-up appointment for further testing. 
C) Review the symptoms of disease progression. 
D) Discuss the medication regimen.

Question 20

The nurse recognizes the MOST common opportunistic infection occurring in over half of clients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)is:

Accepted Answer

A) Kaposi's sarcoma 
B) mycobacterium avium complex (MA
C)  
C) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 
D) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

Exam 47: Immune System

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) initially infects which system in persons who have AIDS?

When caring for a client with a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,the nurse understands that HIV is transmitted by:

The nurse is teaching a client who had a liver transplant to observe for signs of rejection.The client's understanding is verified when what sign is listed?

A client who has myasthenia gravis (MG) has all of the following nursing diagnoses.Which would reflect the greatest threat to the client?

A client has been cleaning window screens for the past 2 days and has now developed sneezing;thin,watery nasal discharge;and redness and itching of the eyes.Which type of allergic reaction should the nurse suspect?

The nurse is educating the client with histoplasmosis about prevention methods for future exposure.The nurse evaluates that the client needs future instruction if the client states that the possible sources include which of the following?

Which of these statements about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is true?

How is active acquired immunity obtained?

As the disease progresses,symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) become evident when which of the cells of the immune system decrease?

Which interventions would apply when caring for a client at high risk for an allergic response to a latex allergy? (Select all that apply. )

What oral fungal infection produces symptoms such as creamy,white intraoral lesions;mucosal tenderness;and painful swallowing in clients who are immunocompromised?

The nurse caring for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) provides teaching about measures to avoid fatigue.The nurse recognizes that the client needs additional teaching if the client states he or she should:

Which of these medications is usually prescribed initially for the client who has rheumatoid arthritis?

Early signs and symptoms of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex include:

Client teaching related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) would include which of these aspects?

The nurse is caring for a client who just had an intravenous pyelogram (IVP) .The client suddenly develops severe urticaria,angioedema,dyspnea,and cyanosis.Which of these actions should the nurse take first?

A coworker who has just completed an aseptic client procedure is now flushed and wheezing and complains of chest tightness and shortness of breath.Vital signs are heart rate 76,respiratory rate 24,and blood pressure 86/67.The nurse should suspect the coworker is experiencing which of the following?

A client who has previously required blood transfusions is admitted for another transfusion.Four hours after a unit of blood infuses,the client develops fever,chills,nausea,and headache.The nurse should suspect the client is experiencing which type of transfusion reaction?

A nurse is clarifying information for a client whose ELISA test is negative.After reviewing the test results with the client,which aspect should be included?

The nurse recognizes the MOST common opportunistic infection occurring in over half of clients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is: