Question 1

Secondary Raynaud's disease is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A) a localized dilation of a weakened section of the medial layer of an artery 
B) association with a connective tissue or collagen vascular disease 
C) caused by incompetent valves and veins that have lost their elasticity 
D) caused by intermittent spasms of the digital arteries and arterioles,which result in decreased circulation to fingers and toes

Question 2

Which nursing intervention is included in the care of the client with pericarditis?

Accepted Answer

A) Use airborne precautions. 
B) Assess the client for signs of cardiac tamponade. 
C) Prepare the client for pacemaker implantation. 
D) Monitor the client's apical and radial pulses.

Question 3

Treatment of the client with ventricular fibrillation (VF)requires which of these measures?

Accepted Answer

A) a precordial thump 
B) administration of lidocaine hydrochloride 
C) CPR and immediate defibrillation 
D) digoxin administration

Question 4

A client reports awakening suddenly,sweating profusely,and having difficulty breathing.Which of these terms should the nurse record in the client's health history?

Accepted Answer

A) apnea 
B) dyspnea 
C) orthopnea 
D) paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Question 5

Which of these symptoms is associated with left-sided heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A) increased sputum production 
B) cyanosis 
C) increased blood pressure 
D) edema of the ankles and lower legs

Question 6

A client is receiving thrombolytic therapy following myocardial infarction.The nurse would monitor the client for evidence of which complications?

Accepted Answer

A) dysrhythmias and agitation 
B) fever,dyspnea,and tingling in arms and hands 
C) hematemesis and tarry stools 
D) chest and foot pain

Question 7

Cardiac rehabilitation programs for clients who had a myocardial infarction are critical for which of the following persons?

Accepted Answer

A) a 40-year-old man 
B) a 40-year-old woman 
C) a 55-year-old man 
D) a 75-year-old man

Question 8

Which of these factors,in combination with cigarette smoking,places a woman at greater risk for developing coronary artery disease?

Accepted Answer

A) alcohol abuse 
B) a diet high in saturated fats 
C) use of oral contraceptives 
D) stress

Question 9

The nurse is providing counsel regarding diet to a client who has an atrial dysrhythmia.Which of these foods should the client be instructed to avoid?

Accepted Answer

A) fiber 
B) cholesterol 
C) fat 
D) caffeine

Question 10

Blood leaves the heart through which of these structures?

Accepted Answer

A) arteries 
B) capillaries 
C) veins 
D) vesicles

Question 11

A client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT)may be asymptomatic or may have which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) a positive Homans' sign 
B) cyanosis of the entire leg 
C) mottling of the leg or foot 
D) cool temperature

Question 12

Which of the following disorders results from when a lung condition interferes with the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the alveoli and right-sided heart failure develops?

Accepted Answer

A) cor pulmonale 
B) endocarditis 
C) left-sided heart failure 
D) myocardial infarction

Question 13

A heart rate of 60 bpm or less is called:

Accepted Answer

A) ectopic beat 
B) sinus bradycardia 
C) flutter 
D) asymptomatic bradycardia

Question 14

The client is having a mitral value replacement done with robotic-assisted surgery.The benefits of this type of procedure include which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) minimal scarring 
B) shorter hospital stay 
C) shorter recovery period 
D) decreased blood loss 
E) decreased cost

Question 15

What is the usual treatment for tachycardia?

Accepted Answer

A) administration of atropine 
B) administration of epinephrine 
C) depends on cause 
D) placement of a permanent pacemaker

Question 16

If a positive Homans' sign is detected during assessment,the nurse should not perform this assessment again until a clot has been ruled out for which reason?

Accepted Answer

A) It may cause an embolus. 
B) It may cause a thrombus. 
C) It would cause the client emotional distress. 
D) It would cause the client severe pain.

Question 17

Depolarization of which heart chamber pumps blood into the aorta and out to the entire body?

Accepted Answer

A) left atrium 
B) left ventricle 
C) right atrium 
D) right ventricle

Question 18

During a client's routine physical examination,an aortic aneurysm is detected.The client is distressed and says,"I know this is wrong because I don't have any symptoms or problems!" Which of these responses should the nurse make?

Accepted Answer

A) "Aneurysms are caused by a hereditary lack of elastin in the arterial wall.Have any relatives had this problem?" 
B) "Aneurysms are often asymptomatic until they start leaking or pressing on other structures." 
C) "Didn't you see the X-ray pictures of the aneurysm?" 
D) "Why don't you seek a second opinion?"

Question 19

The main goal of treatment for a client who has rheumatic fever is to:

Accepted Answer

A) alter electrical conduction within the heart 
B) prepare for cardiac rehabilitation 
C) prevent spread to others in the family 
D) treat the inflammation

Question 20

What is the MOST common cause of pericarditis?

Accepted Answer

A) bacteria 
B) fungus 
C) idiopathic disease 
D) virus

Exam 36: Cardiovascular System