Question 1

Elliott, fresh out of college, is an engineer who has just begun his career. He knows that the harder he works, the better he will get at engineering. Which component of the expectancy theory is likely motivating Elliott the most?

Accepted Answer

A) achievement 
B) valence 
C) expectancy 
D) social motives

Question 2

Psychologists generally agree that _____ true instincts motivate human behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) no 
B) only a few 
C) some 
D) many

Question 3

Bertulo is taking an exam and he is stuck on a question. The exam question describes certain processes such as activation, persistence, and intensity. All he has to do is name the concept behind these terms. In order to earn full credit, which of the following should Bertulo select as his response?

Accepted Answer

A) the refractory period 
B) conservation 
C) drive theory 
D) motivation

Question 4

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The need to maintain an appropriate level of arousal can motivate human behaviors. 
B) Humans are sometimes motivated to increase tension. 
C) Having an unbalanced internal state can motivate human behaviors. 
D) Biological needs, such as the desire for money and fame, play the largest role in the motivation of human behavior.

Question 5

_____ is best known for his hierarchy of needs theory.

Accepted Answer

A) Abraham Maslow 
B) Henry Murray 
C) David Buss 
D) James Lange

Question 6

When arousal is too low, _____ can cause humans and other animals to seek to increase stimulation.

Accepted Answer

A) achievement motives 
B) primary drives 
C) secondary drives 
D) stimulus motives

Question 7

States of tension or arousal that arise from a biological need and are unlearned are called _____

Accepted Answer

A) secondary drives. 
B) biological primaries. 
C) optimal levels of arousal. 
D) primary drives.

Question 8

Courtney is a gymnast and is preparing to compete in a very difficult and challenging meet. Her friend and fellow gymnast, Luke, suggests that Courtney relax and take her high arousal down a notch to a lower point. However, her coach tries to get her all revved up and excited to compete in the meet. Which of the following will likely be true based on theories of motivation?

Accepted Answer

A) Courtney should listen to Luke in order to perform at her best level. 
B) Courtney should listen to her coach and get as hyped up for her performances as she can. 
C) Courtney should weigh what they both have to say, but ultimately listen to her coach. 
D) Courtney should ignore Luke's opinion entirely.

Question 9

Clark Hull's theory of motivation rests on the idea of _____, which is the body's need for balance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Clark Hull's theory of motivation rests on...

Question 10

Matthew is a teacher at a local high school. He doesn't particularly like his job, nor does he have much regard for his students. He shows up to work every day and works hard enough to be better than the worst teacher. He does enough avoid getting fired or otherwise losing his job, but by no means is he striving to be a great teacher. According to research on the goal orientation theory, which of the following orientations most likely fits Matthew's motivation?

Accepted Answer

A) mastery/avoidance 
B) performance/approach 
C) performance/avoidance 
D) mastery/performance

Question 11

Which of the following researchers studied the sexual response cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) Cannon and Bard 
B) Kinsey and Seligman 
C) David Buss 
D) Masters and Johnson

Question 12

_____ dictate how emotions should generally be expressed within a culture and when and where their expression is appropriate.

Accepted Answer

A) Display rules 
B) The need for achievement 
C) Societal affective factors 
D) Basic emotions

Question 13

Twenty-two-year-old Ted is at the doctor's office for his annual physical with his family physician. After being weighed and measured, it is clear that Ted is almost six feet tall but weighs only 125 pounds. When discussing this with his physician, he also shares that he sees himself as fat, which is why he eats very little. Ted's physician asked him to look in the mirror and report what he sees. Ted reports seeing a very tall and overweight male. Ted's physician should be concerned because Ted seems to meet the criteria for _____

Accepted Answer

A) bulimia nervosa. 
B) binge eating disorder. 
C) lateral hypothalamus damage. 
D) anorexia nervosa.

Question 14

Which of the following theories of emotion suggests that the physiological, or bodily, response occurs first, with the emotion then following?

Accepted Answer

A) Schachter-Singer theory 
B) James-Lange theory 
C) Smith-Scott theory 
D) Cannon-Bard theory

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT part of the goal orientation theory?

Accepted Answer

A) mastery/approach 
B) achievement/ avoidance 
C) performance/avoidance 
D) mastery/avoidance

Question 16

When activated, the _____ sends signals to eat.

Accepted Answer

A) lateral hypothalamus 
B) limbic system 
C) amygdala 
D) ventromedial hypothalamus

Question 17

Rosa was at her doctor's office for her yearly checkup. She knew she had been experiencing some weight gain and had good intentions over the last year to get that under control. However, she was appalled and shocked to find her body mass index was 32.5. What will the doctor say about her current weight?

Accepted Answer

A) The doctor will likely diagnose her with bulimia nervosa. 
B) The doctor will classify her as being obese. 
C) Her physician will show concern about her weight and ask her about the possibility of having anorexia nervosa. 
D) Her doctor will congratulate her on the changes in body weight because she is now at a healthy target weight.

Question 18

According to the arousal theory, being bored can result in _____

Accepted Answer

A) approach-goals. 
B) stimulus motivation. 
C) the need to achieve. 
D) mastery/goals.

Question 19

_____ is a process that causes us to begin and maintain a particular behavior in order to satisfy certain needs or desires.

Accepted Answer

A) An incentive 
B) Homeostasis 
C) The Yerkes-Dodson law 
D) Motivation

Question 20

Ally has a belief that whenever she gets angry, frustrated, or sad, all she has to do is force herself to smile and she will experience a decrease in that negative emotion. While her coworkers tend to poke fun at her for doing this, she is convinced it really works. Ally's behavior can be best aligned with the _____

Accepted Answer

A) Izard-Ekman hypothesis. 
B) facial-feedback hypothesis. 
C) display rule hypothesis. 
D) basic emotions hypothesis.

Exam 9: Motivation and Emotion