Question 1

_____ refers to the unpleasant physical or psychological symptoms an individual may experience after stopping the use of a substance.

Accepted Answer

A) Withdrawal 
B) Substance abuse 
C) Tolerance 
D) Dependence

Question 2

Which of the following are stimulants?

Accepted Answer

A) nicotine 
B) marijuana 
C) alcohol 
D) heroin

Question 3

Studies have shown that exposing people to _____ during their last 4 hours of sleep can help shift workers who experience a sleep-phase delay.

Accepted Answer

A) low light levels 
B) cooler temperatures 
C) warmer temperatures 
D) bright light

Question 4

The desire to avoid the unpleasant symptoms of _____ supports continued addiction.

Accepted Answer

A) intoxication 
B) tolerance 
C) abuse 
D) withdrawal

Question 5

Hallucinogen Persistent Perceptual Disorder can result from use of _____

Accepted Answer

A) LSD. 
B) ecstasy. 
C) marijuana. 
D) speed.

Question 6

Withdrawal symptoms of depression, fatigue, and negative mood (sad, scared, annoyed)are typical of which drug?

Accepted Answer

A) LSD 
B) ecstasy 
C) marijuana 
D) speed

Question 7

If they are free from scheduling pressures, teens tend to sleep _____

Accepted Answer

A) less than 4 hours a night. 
B) longer than elementary-aged children. 
C) mostly during daytime hours. 
D) in short naps of about 40 minutes each.

Question 8

Why might psychological dependence upon a drug be more difficult to overcome than the physiological dependence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why might psychological dependence upon a drug...

Question 9

Which of the following correctly names the sleep disorder in which a person stops breathing numerous times throughout the night?

Accepted Answer

A) narcolepsy 
B) mid-phase insomnia 
C) sleep apnea 
D) somnambulism

Question 10

The idea that dreams consist of random firing of brain cells during REM, but are significant in terms of the meaning we give them, represents which theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Freudian 
B) cognitive 
C) activation-synthesis 
D) evolutionary

Question 11

A substance taken into the body that alters mood, perception, or thought is called _____

Accepted Answer

A) a psychotherapeutic. 
B) a pseudoneurotransmitter. 
C) a psychoactive. 
D) a controlled substance.

Question 12

The _____ suggests that the behavior of a hypnotized person is a function of that person's expectations about how subjects behave under hypnosis.

Accepted Answer

A) neodissociation theory of hypnosis 
B) sociocognitive theory of hypnosis 
C) Freudian interpretation 
D) theory of dissociated control

Question 13

Most people's _____ level peaks before noon, making this the time they are likely to be most _____

Accepted Answer

A) serotonin; mellow. 
B) dopamine; happy. 
C) melatonin; sleepy. 
D) cortisol; alert.

Question 14

Angela has been off cocaine for 6 months. She goes for a salon appointment in the part of town where she used to meet her dealer and suddenly has a strong craving to use again. This is due to the important role _____ plays in addiction.

Accepted Answer

A) learning 
B) access 
C) stress 
D) emotion

Question 15

Which of the following is classified as a depressant?

Accepted Answer

A) cocaine 
B) alcohol 
C) heroin 
D) marijuana

Question 16

Which of these drugs mimic the effects of the brain's own endorphins?

Accepted Answer

A) heroin 
B) alcohol 
C) marijuana 
D) amphetamine

Question 17

Based on the research by Manzardo and colleagues (2002), animals become addicted to and prefer this drug even when offered all the drugs to which they have become addicted. This drug is _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on the research by Manzardo and...

Question 18

Last night I dreamed I saw an alien spacecraft gleaming in a field of flowers in the fog. It was a vivid, colorful dream. I was in _____ sleep.

Accepted Answer

A) NREM 
B) slow-wave 
C) delta wave 
D) REM

Question 19

Researchers deprived one group of sleep for 35 hours and then gave them a verbal learning task. They compared brain activity between the sleep and no-sleep groups during the learning task. Which of the following was true of the no-sleep group compared to those that slept normally?

Accepted Answer

A) The no-sleep group had lower overall activity in their brain. 
B) The no-sleep group had higher overall activity in their brain. 
C) In the no-sleep group, the language perception areas of the temporal lobes were more active. 
D) In the no-sleep group, the language perception areas of the temporal lobes were inactive.

Question 20

Caffeine withdrawal symptoms _____

Accepted Answer

A) do not exist. 
B) include changes in blood flow and activity in the brain. 
C) are very minor. 
D) can kill you.

Exam 4: Consciousness