Question 1

Yesterday little Louis saw his brother climb a tree.Today Louis tried it and fell to the ground,hurting himself.But his mother nevertheless praised him for being a brave boy.Which of the following influences on gender-role socialization are at work here?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-socialization and punishment 
B)  self-socialization and extinction 
C)  observational learning and reinforcement 
D)  operant conditioning and classical conditioning

Question 2

The cell mass that develops from the fertilized egg implants itself in the uterine wall during the ____ stage of prenatal development.

Accepted Answer

A)  fertilization 
B)  fetal 
C)  embryonic 
D)  germinal

Question 3

Cohort effects are MOST closely associated with which research design?

Accepted Answer

A)  longitudinal 
B)  sequential 
C)  cross-sectional 
D)  time of testing

Question 4

Harry has always been a vital and active individual,however recently he has begun having difficulty remembering newly learned information after brief periods of time.What disorder are his symptoms indicative of?

Accepted Answer

A)  normal aging 
B)  Alzheimers disease 
C)  Parkinson's disease 
D)  senility

Question 5

Avery is excited by the fact that she has begun to feel her baby kicking and moving in her uterus.If Avery can feel her baby moving,her pregnancy must be in the

Accepted Answer

A)  embryonic stage. 
B)  germinal stage. 
C)  fetal stage. 
D)  neonatal stage.

Question 6

Sandy suffered from depression while she was pregnant.It is most likely that her child will later demonstrate

Accepted Answer

A)  mental retardation 
B)  behavioral problems 
C)  antisocial personality traits 
D)  schizophrenia

Question 7

Investigations of complex,real-world issues,such as the effects of day care,illustrate which of the textbook's unifying themes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Our experience of the world is highly subjective. 
B)  Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context. 
C)  Our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage. 
D)  Psychology is theoretically diverse.

Question 8

According to Erikson,early adulthood is characterized by a psychosocial crisis centering on establishing close,personal relationships with others.This is the stage of

Accepted Answer

A)  generativity versus self-absorption. 
B)  intimacy versus isolation. 
C)  identity versus confusion. 
D)  integrity versus despair.

Question 9

The full-blown fetal alcohol syndrome is produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  heavy drinking during the first three months of pregnancy. 
B)  heavy drinking during the final three months of pregnancy. 
C)  one drunken binge at any time during pregnancy. 
D)  heavy drinking throughout pregnancy.

Question 10

Sarah is four month old,she actively resists change,has failed to develop a regular sleeping and eating schedule,and is generally irritable and unhappy,Sarah is BEST described as temperamentally

Accepted Answer

A)  easy. 
B)  difficult. 
C)  slow to warm up. 
D)  mixed.

Question 11

The potential damage due to prenatal exposure to maternal illness is primarily a function of

Accepted Answer

A)  when the mother contracts the disease. 
B)  the severity of the mother's symptoms. 
C)  the condition of the mother's overall health. 
D)  whether the unborn child is male or female.

Question 12

Bernard is now 80 years old.When he was 20 years old he took part in a detailed study that assessed various aspects of his intellectual functioning.If Bernard were to complete the same tests today,he would MOST likely discover that

Accepted Answer

A)  his fluid intelligence has declined over time, but his crystallized intelligence has remained stable. 
B)  both his fluid and crystallized intelligence have declined over time. 
C)  his crystallized intelligence has declined over time, but his fluid intelligence has remained stable. 
D)  his fluid intelligence has remained stable over time, and his crystallized intelligence has increased.

Question 13

In women,menopause typically occurs around age

Accepted Answer

A)  12. 
B)  40. 
C)  50. 
D)  65.

Question 14

Preschoolers generally do not recognize that if 8 - 5 = 3,then 3 + 5 = 8.This is because their thought is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  irreversibility 
B)  animism 
C)  egocentrism 
D)  centration

Question 15

If a baby is born with a small head,heart defects,and retarded mental and motor development,the mother is MOST likely to have

Accepted Answer

A)  had smallpox early in her pregnancy. 
B)  been an alcoholic. 
C)  continued to work during pregnancy. 
D)  smoked during pregnancy.

Question 16

Ashley finds a wallet on the floor at the store.She decides to turn in the wallet at the lost-and-found because she believes her parents will be proud of her for being honest.Ashley's reasoning reflects the ____ level of moral development.

Accepted Answer

A)  postconventional 
B)  preconventional 
C)  concrete 
D)  conventional

Question 17

The fact that babies can hold their head up before they can first sit up is an example of the ____________________ trend in motor development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fact that babies can hold their...

Question 18

Jerry is 8 months old.Based on Erikson's theory of personality development,the fundamental question that Jerry is dealing with at this point in his life is

Accepted Answer

A)  "Is my world predictable and supportive?" 
B)  "Can I do things myself, or must I always rely on others?" 
C)  "Am I good or am I bad?" 
D)  "Am I competent or am I worthless?"

Question 19

Jocelyn is 25 years old and she feels very insecure about some of the personal and career choices she has made so far.Consequently,at this point in her life she is unwilling to form a serious,committed relationship with another person.Based on Erikson's theory,Jocelyn may

Accepted Answer

A)  become self-indulgent and self-absorbed. 
B)  develop a sense of isolation. 
C)  experience feelings of despair and bitterness. 
D)  develop feelings of inferiority and doubt.

Question 20

Mikaela is a quiet infant who doesn't seem to smile a lot,but who also seldom cries.She seems cautious and wary of changes in her surroundings,but eventually she adapts to the change.Using the temperament categories outlined by Thomas and Chess,Mikaela would MOST likely be considered to have

Accepted Answer

A)  a difficult temperament. 
B)  a slow-to-warm-up temperament. 
C)  an easy temperament. 
D)  an uninhibited temperament.

Exam 11: Human Development Across the Life Span