Question 1

____________________ is based on the belief that psychology should investigate the purpose of consciousness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is based on the belief that...

Question 2

Unlike the early years in psychology,today the majority of psychologists are employed by colleges and universities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

According to research findings,which of the following is MOST likely to be associated with poor grades?

Accepted Answer

A)  being absent from class 
B)  rewarding yourself for studying 
C)  overlearning the material 
D)  changing answers on a multiple-choice test

Question 4

The major organization that represents BOTH the scientific and professional branches of psychology in the United States is the

Accepted Answer

A)  American Medical Society. 
B)  American Psychological Society. 
C)  American Psychiatric Society. 
D)  American Psychological Association.

Question 5

Recent research suggests that ____________ predict college grades almost as well as admissions tests.

Accepted Answer

A)  study skills and habits 
B)  attitudes about tests 
C)  learning styles 
D)  student interests in specific subjects

Question 6

Advocates of the ____________________ perspective argue that people's manipulations of mental images surely influence how they behave.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Advocates of the ____________________ perspective argue that...

Question 7

A newspaper article reported a study by a psychologist in which the attitudes of men and women towards traditional sex roles were studied.MOST likely the researcher was

Accepted Answer

A)  a cognitive psychologist. 
B)  a counseling psychologist. 
C)  a developmental psychologist. 
D)  a social psychologist.

Question 8

Recently Western psychologists have started to devote more attention to ____ as a determinant of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligence 
B)  unconscious 
C)  feelings 
D)  culture

Question 9

Pablo is a graduate student whose major area of interest is the measurement of behavior and capacities and the development of psychological tests.Which research is Pablo MOST likely to specialize in?

Accepted Answer

A)  social psychology 
B)  psychometrics 
C)  cognitive psychology 
D)  physiological psychology

Question 10

Kenn is a psychologist who spends the majority of his time assessing or treating elderly people who are showing signs of dementia or who have experienced strokes.Ken would MOST likely describe the focus of his practice as

Accepted Answer

A)  counseling psychology. 
B)  psychometrics. 
C)  clinical neuropsychology. 
D)  forensic psychology.

Question 11

John B.Watson argued that psychologists should

Accepted Answer

A)  use the method of introspection to establish the structural aspects of consciousness. 
B)  be concerned with the purposiveness (function) of behavior. 
C)  confine their work to people who are diagnosed as mentally ill. 
D)  abandon the study of consciousness.

Question 12

Liam is reading a magazine article about a new "wonder drug" and finds himself wondering who participated in the study,and what evidence the claims are based on.Liam's thinking illustrates the idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  motives and expectations can color our experiences. 
B)  information needs to be viewed with a certain degree of skepticism. 
C)  single-cause explanations are often inaccurate. 
D)  sciences do not exist in a cultural vacuum.

Question 13

In the 1950s Skinner argued that psychology should return to a strict interpretation of the principles of

Accepted Answer

A)  humanism. 
B)  functionalism. 
C)  behaviorism. 
D)  psychoanalysis.

Question 14

Which of the following psychologists would have been MOST likely to assert that "free will is an illusion"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abraham Maslow 
B)  B. F. Skinner 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt 
D)  Carl Rogers

Question 15

Based on an evolutionary analysis of spatial skills,you should predict that Jill will be better than Jack at

Accepted Answer

A)  mentally rotating visual images. 
B)  remembering locations. 
C)  reading a map. 
D)  learning a maze.

Question 16

The key to the effective use of highlighting is to

Accepted Answer

A)  use different highlight colors for different core concepts. 
B)  limit highlighting to no more than 10% of the material from any textbook chapter. 
C)  highlight only the main ideas, key supporting details, and technical terms. 
D)  skim first and then go back and highlight on a second, detailed reading of the material.

Question 17

The widely shared customs,beliefs,values,norms,institutions,and other products of a community that are transmitted socially across generations BEST describes a person's

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural heritage. 
B)  legal heritage. 
C)  religious heritage. 
D)  sociohistorical heritage.

Question 18

Which of the following is a recent movement in psychology that has revived the old interest in mental and conscious events?

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological psychology 
B)  psychoanalysis 
C)  behavioral psychology 
D)  cognitive psychology

Question 19

Which of the following observations weakens the evolutionary explanation of gender differences in spatial abilities?

Accepted Answer

A)  There frequently was a sex-based division of labor in ancient hunting and gathering societies. 
B)  Males are encouraged to engage in activities that provide more practice with spatial tasks. 
C)  Males frequently perform slightly better than females on tasks involving mental rotation of images and navigation in space. 
D)  Females perform slightly better than males on tasks involving memory for locations.

Question 20

The Critical Thinking Application in your text lists four skills that are exhibited by critical thinkers.Identify these four skills and show how they might be used by a woman who was trying to decide whether or NOT to begin hormone therapy once she was past menopause.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Critical Thinking Application in your text...

Exam 1: The Evolution of Psychology