Question 1

What is the order of central nervous system (CNS) myelination, from its start to its completion?

Accepted Answer

A)  forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, spinal cord 
B)  hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain, spinal cord 
C)  spinal cord, forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain 
D)  spinal cord, hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain

Question 2

The term Hebb synapse is used to refer to a synapse that

Accepted Answer

A)  has been pruned. 
B)  has not fully matured. 
C)  participates in vision. 
D)  has been strengthened by simultaneous activity.

Question 3

Twelve-year-old Heather has a smaller head circumference and less gray matter thickness than typical children of her same age, sex, and size. It is most likely that

Accepted Answer

A)  Heather's mother used alcohol or other drugs during her pregnancy. 
B)  Heather's mother has PKU. 
C)  Heather has PKU. 
D)  Heather has fragile-X syndrome.

Question 4

Which of the following is the best example of a phenotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ryan has black hair. 
B)  Jessica has an allele for type O blood from her father and one for type A blood from her mother. 
C)  Andrew has two genes for freckles. 
D)  Elizabeth has two copies of the APOE3 allele.

Question 5

Javier and Alyssa are brother and sister, and both have O type blood. They know that their mother has type A blood, but do not know their father's blood type. Given this information, what could their father's blood type be?

Accepted Answer

A)  could be A, B, or O 
B)  must be O 
C)  must be A 
D)  could be AB or O

Question 6

In human development, the nervous system develops from which germ layer?

Accepted Answer

A)  the endoderm 
B)  the mesoderm 
C)  the ectoderm 
D)  the blastoderm

Question 7

Two important processes that produce lasting but reversible changes in gene expression are histone modification and __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  imprinting 
B)  crossing-over 
C)  x-linked gene mapping suppression 
D)  DNA methylation

Question 8

The Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart found support for which of the following conclusions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Identical twins are very similar to each other on a number of traits, regardless of whether the correlation for any particular trait was high or low. 
B)  Identical twins raised together are very similar to each other on a number of traits, but identical twins raised apart are not. 
C)  Identical twins are very similar on traits that are highly correlated, like fingerprint ridges, but not similar to each other on traits that are not highly correlated, like nonreligious social attitudes. 
D)  Identical twins are no more similar to each other on highly correlated traits than fraternal twins and non-twin siblings.

Question 9

Doctors recommend that those with phenylketonuria (PKU) adhere to the dietary restrictions associated with this condition throughout their lifetimes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

You were recently introduced to your roommate's sibling. To your surprise, even though the siblings are the same sex, they look nothing alike. Which of the following is the best explanation of this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  They must have different parents, as genetic inheritance ensures that they share a significant number of genes. 
B)  Although they started out very similar genetically, their genotypes have changed during development to make them look very different. 
C)  Given the number of different combinations of genes possible during reproduction, it may be that the two siblings don't really share many alleles. 
D)  One has expressed only recessive genes, while the other has not.

Question 11

Without contact with any other embryonic cells, a mesodermal cell will differentiate into skin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A mutation of a person's DNA

Accepted Answer

A)  always has negative outcomes. 
B)  always has positive outcomes. 
C)  can have positive, negative, or neutral outcomes. 
D)  has neither positive nor negative outcomes, because they are always recessive.

Question 13

An allele that produces a phenotypical trait regardless of whether or not its pair is homozygous or heterozygous is

Accepted Answer

A)  imprinted. 
B)  dominant. 
C)  recessive. 
D)  an SNP.

Question 14

Neurogenesis in adulthood

Accepted Answer

A)  does not appear to occur in humans. 
B)  may protect the brain from the effects of stress. 
C)  only occurs in telomeres, the tips at the end of chromosomes. 
D)  is negatively correlated with levels of physical activity.

Question 15

Studies of schizophrenia indicate that this condition correlates with

Accepted Answer

A)  increased cortical thickening during young adulthood. 
B)  increased cortical thickening during adolescence. 
C)  abnormally large amounts of cortical thinning during young adulthood. 
D)  abnormally large amounts of cortical thinning during adolescence.

Question 16

Different versions of the APOE gene are correlated with the development of

Accepted Answer

A)  hemophilia. 
B)  color deficiency. 
C)  breast cancer. 
D)  Alzheimer's disease.

Question 17

The _____ is the set of all protein encoded and expressed by the genome of an organism.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteome 
B)  tripheme 
C)  ribosome 
D)  codon

Question 18

The genetic instructions of an organism is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  telomere. 
B)  genotype. 
C)  phenotype. 
D)  chromosome.

Question 19

In this illustration, migrating cells from the ____________________ zone wrap around ____________________ in order to find their correct location in the developing cortex.
(Figure 5.15)

Accepted Answer

The answer of  In this illustration, migrating cells from the...

Question 20

Red-green color deficiency is due to a recessive gene on the X chromosome. Women can be carriers or have color deficienty, and men are either color deficient or not. If an unaffected male and a female who is a carrier have children, what is your prediction as to the color deficiency status of their children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Half of the couple's daughters, but none of their sons, are likely to have red-green color deficiency. 
B)  Half of the couple's sons, but none of their daughters, are likely to have red-green color deficiency. 
C)  None of the couple's children are likely to have red-green color deficiency. 
D)  All of the couple's children are likely to have red-green color deficiency.

Exam 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

What is the order of central nervous system (CNS) myelination, from its start to its completion?

The term Hebb synapse is used to refer to a synapse that

Twelve-year-old Heather has a smaller head circumference and less gray matter thickness than typical children of her same age, sex, and size. It is most likely that

Which of the following is the best example of a phenotype?

Javier and Alyssa are brother and sister, and both have O type blood. They know that their mother has type A blood, but do not know their father's blood type. Given this information, what could their father's blood type be?

In human development, the nervous system develops from which germ layer?

Two important processes that produce lasting but reversible changes in gene expression are histone modification and __________.

The Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart found support for which of the following conclusions?

Doctors recommend that those with phenylketonuria (PKU) adhere to the dietary restrictions associated with this condition throughout their lifetimes.

You were recently introduced to your roommate's sibling. To your surprise, even though the siblings are the same sex, they look nothing alike. Which of the following is the best explanation of this situation?

Without contact with any other embryonic cells, a mesodermal cell will differentiate into skin.

A mutation of a person's DNA

An allele that produces a phenotypical trait regardless of whether or not its pair is homozygous or heterozygous is

Neurogenesis in adulthood

Studies of schizophrenia indicate that this condition correlates with

Different versions of the APOE gene are correlated with the development of

The _____ is the set of all protein encoded and expressed by the genome of an organism.

The genetic instructions of an organism is known as the

In this illustration, migrating cells from the zone wrap around in order to find their correct location in the developing cortex. (Figure 5.15)

Exam 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

What is the order of central nervous system (CNS) myelination, from its start to its completion?

The term Hebb synapse is used to refer to a synapse that

Twelve-year-old Heather has a smaller head circumference and less gray matter thickness than typical children of her same age, sex, and size. It is most likely that

Which of the following is the best example of a phenotype?

Javier and Alyssa are brother and sister, and both have O type blood. They know that their mother has type A blood, but do not know their father's blood type. Given this information, what could their father's blood type be?

In human development, the nervous system develops from which germ layer?

Two important processes that produce lasting but reversible changes in gene expression are histone modification and __________.

The Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart found support for which of the following conclusions?

Doctors recommend that those with phenylketonuria (PKU) adhere to the dietary restrictions associated with this condition throughout their lifetimes.

You were recently introduced to your roommate's sibling. To your surprise, even though the siblings are the same sex, they look nothing alike. Which of the following is the best explanation of this situation?

Without contact with any other embryonic cells, a mesodermal cell will differentiate into skin.

A mutation of a person's DNA

An allele that produces a phenotypical trait regardless of whether or not its pair is homozygous or heterozygous is

Neurogenesis in adulthood

Studies of schizophrenia indicate that this condition correlates with

Different versions of the APOE gene are correlated with the development of

The _____ is the set of all protein encoded and expressed by the genome of an organism.

The genetic instructions of an organism is known as the

In this illustration, migrating cells from the ____________________ zone wrap around ____________________ in order to find their correct location in the developing cortex. (Figure 5.15)

In this illustration, migrating cells from the zone wrap around in order to find their correct location in the developing cortex. (Figure 5.15)