Question 1

Home care is being considered for a young child who is ventilator-dependent. Which factor is most important in deciding whether home care is appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Level of parents' education
B)   Presence of two parents in the home
C)   Preparation and training of family
D)   Family's ability to assume all health care costs C

Question 2

A nurse is conducting an in-service on asthma. Which statement is the most descriptive of bronchial asthma?

Accepted Answer

A)   There is heightened airway reactivity.
B)   There is decreased resistance in the airway.
C)   The single cause of asthma is an allergic hypersensitivity.
D)   It is inherited. A

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a child with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with sepsis. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)   Forcing fluids
B)   Monitoring pulse oximetry
C)   Instituting seizure precautions
D)   Encouraging a high-protein diet B

Question 4

The nurse is assessing a child with acute epiglottitis. Examining the child's throat by using a tongue depressor might precipitate which symptom or condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Inspiratory stridor
B)   Complete obstruction
C)   Sore throat
D)   Respiratory tract infection

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a 10-month-old infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. Which intervention should be included in the child's care? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Place in a mist tent.
B)   Administer antibiotics.
C)   Administer cough syrup.
D)   Encourage the child to drink 8 ounces of formula every 4 hours.
E)   Cluster care to encourage adequate rest.F)  Place on noninvasive oxygen monitoring.

Question 6

Parents of a child with cystic fibrosis ask the nurse about genetic implications of the disorder. Which statement, made by the nurse, expresses accurately the genetic implications?

Accepted Answer

A)   If it is present in a child, both parents are carriers of this defective gene.
B)   It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.
C)   It is a genetic defect found primarily in non-Caucasian population groups.
D)   There is a 50% chance that siblings of an affected child also will be affected.

Question 7

A child is being admitted to the hospital to be tested for cystic fibrosis (CF). Which tests should the nurse expect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sweat chloride test, stool for fat, chest radiograph films
B)   Stool test for fat, gastric contents for hydrochloride, chest radiograph films
C)   Sweat chloride test, bronchoscopy, duodenal fluid analysis
D)   Sweat chloride test, stool for trypsin, biopsy of intestinal mucosa

Question 8

A school-age child has been admitted with an acute asthma episode. The child is receiving oxygen by nasal prongs at 2 liters. How often should the nurse plan to monitor the child's pulse oximetry status?

Accepted Answer

A)   Continuous
B)   Every 30 minutes
C)   Every hour
D)   Every 2 hours

Question 9

The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health professional if the infant displays which clinical manifestation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fussiness
B)   Coughing
C)   A fever over 99° F
D)   Signs of an earache

Question 10

How is chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) differentiated from acute otitis media (AOM)?

Accepted Answer

A)   A fever as high as 40° C (104° F) 
B)   Severe pain in the ear
C)   Nausea and vomiting
D)   A feeling of fullness in the ear

Question 11

Which consideration is the most important in managing tuberculosis (TB) in children?

Accepted Answer

A)   Skin testing annually
B)   Pharmacotherapy
C)   Adequate nutrition
D)   Adequate hydration

Question 12

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is begun on a toddler. Which pulse is usually palpated because it is the most central and accessible?

Accepted Answer

A)   Radial
B)   Carotid
C)   Femoral
D)   Brachial

Question 13

The nurse encourages the mother of a toddler with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) to stay at the bedside as much as possible. The nurse's rationale for this action is described primarily in which statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mothers of hospitalized toddlers often experience guilt.
B)   The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease the child's respiratory efforts.
C)   Separation from the mother is a major developmental threat at this age.
D)   The mother can provide constant observations of the child's respiratory efforts.

Question 14

It is now recommended that children with asthma who are taking long-term inhaled steroids should be assessed frequently because which disease or assessment findings may develop?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cough
B)   Osteoporosis
C)   Slowed growth
D)   Cushing syndrome

Question 15

An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with AOM. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) is prescribed. Which statement made by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the instructions?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I should administer all the prescribed medication."
B)   "I should continue medication until the symptoms subside."
C)   "I will immediately stop giving medication if I notice a change in hearing."
D)   "I will stop giving medication if fever is still present in 24 hours."

Question 16

Which is an appropriate nursing intervention when caring for an infant with an upper respiratory tract infection and elevated temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)   Give tepid water baths to reduce fever.
B)   Encourage food intake to maintain caloric needs.
C)   Have child wear heavy clothing to prevent chilling.
D)   Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration.

Question 17

Which type of croup is always considered a medical emergency?

Accepted Answer

A)   Laryngitis
B)   Epiglottitis
C)   Spasmodic croup
D)   Laryngotracheobronchitis (LT
B)

Question 18

A child with cystic fibrosis (CF) is receiving recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (DNase). Which is an adverse effect of this medication?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mucus thickens
B)   Voice alters
C)   Tachycardia
D)   Jitteriness

Question 19

The nurse enters a room and finds a 6-year-old child who is unconscious. After calling for help and before being able to use an automatic external defibrillator, which steps should the nurse take? Place in correct order. Provide answer using lowercase letters separated by commas (e.g., a, b, c, d, e, f).
A) Place on a hard surface.
B) Administer 30 chest compressions with two breaths.
C) Feel carotid pulse while maintaining head tilt with the other hand.
D) Use the head tilt-chin lift maneuver and check for breathing.
E) Place heel of one hand on lower half of sternum with other hand on top.
F) Give two rescue breaths.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse enters a room and finds...

Question 20

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is suspected in a toddler. Which test is essential in establishing this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bronchoscopy
B)   Serum calcium
C)   Urine creatinine
D)   Sweat chloride test

Exam 21: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction