Question 1

When looking at the MN blood group with three alleles,how many degrees of freedom will be used to compare observed versus expected results?

Accepted Answer

1

Question 2

Using the allele frequencies in the table below,what is the probability that a random person who was heterozygous 12/14 for VWA would also be homozygous 18/18 for FGA?

Accepted Answer

4.42 × 10⁻⁷,or approximately 1 in 44 million

Question 3

What type of statistical analysis is used to compare observed and expected results in order to evaluate the validity of an estimate based on the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

chi-square test

Question 4

Physical separation of a segment of a large population by a physical barrier that prevents gene flow can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation.
B)  allopatric speciation.
C)  hybrid sterility.
D)  temporal isolation.
E)  gene flow.

Question 5

What are the three key elements for determining F,a measure that a particular allele is IBD,using pedigree analysis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the three key elements for...

Question 6

If the frequency of PKU (an autosomal recessive disease)is 1%,what percentage of the population are completely unaffected (homozygous dominant)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the frequency of PKU (an autosomal...

Question 7

When populations share a single habitat but are isolated by genetic or postzygotic mechanisms that prevent gene flow,what process can cause populations to diverge?

Accepted Answer

A)  random mating
B)  allopatric speciation
C)  sympatric speciation
D)  random mutation
E)  gene duplication

Question 8

Explain why rare recessive alleles are more likely to produce a recessive phenotype as a result of inbreeding.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why rare recessive alleles are more...

Question 9

Forward and reverse mutation can create a ________,given a sufficient number of generations and the absence of other evolutionary processes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Forward and reverse mutation can create a...

Question 10

Cheetahs exhibit significant inbreeding and loss of heterozygosity due to overhunting and loss of habitat experienced at some point in their evolutionary history.Which genetic mechanism occurs when a large population is substantially reduced at random,acting independently of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  founder effect
B)  mutation
C)  gene flow
D)  Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
E)  bottleneck effect

Question 11

Achrondroplasia is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder,while red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive disorder.For a given population,the frequency of achondroplasia is 1 in 25,000.If red-green color blindness affects 9% of males,what percentage of the population would you expect to be
a. colorblind males of normal height?
b. colorblind females of normal height?
c. males with normal vision and achondroplasia?
d. females with normal vision and achondroplasia?
e. males with both colorblindness and achondroplasia?
f. females with both colorblindness and achondroplasia?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Achrondroplasia is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder,while...

Question 12

In the general population,1 in 300 individuals is a carrier for Tay-Sachs disease,while 1 in 30 individuals of Ashkenazi Jew descent are carriers.Tay-Sachs also affects 1 in 30 individuals with French-Canadian ancestry,although two completely unique mutations are responsible for the Ashkenazi and French-Canadian mutations.
-What are the chances of two individuals who are carriers having a child with Tay-Sachs if
a. both individuals are not of Ashkenazi or French-Canadian descent?
b. one individual is of Ashkenazi descent and one is not?
c. both individuals are of Ashkenazi descent?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the general population,1 in 300 individuals...

Question 13

Given the following pedigree,what is the coefficient of inbreeding for individual V-1?

Accepted Answer

A)  1/2
B)  1/4
C)  1/8
D)  1/16
E)  1/64

Question 14

Inbreeding depression,the reduction in fitness of inbred organisms,often results from the reduced level of what (within the gene pool)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Inbreeding depression,the reduction in fitness of inbred...

Question 15

The coefficient of inbreeding quantifies the probability that two alleles in a homozygous individual are ________,having descended from the same copy of the allele carried by a common ancestor of the inbred individual.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The coefficient of inbreeding quantifies the probability...

Question 16

Phenylketonuria (PKU)is extremely common in Ireland,affecting approximately 1 in 4500 live births.What is the frequency of PKU carriers?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.022%
B)  98.5%
C)  2.9%
D)  1.49%
E)  2.2%

Question 17

The process by which an original species is transformed into a new species over an extended period of time that spans many generations is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  anagenesis.
B)  cladogenesis.
C)  morphogenesis.
D)  neogenesis.
E)  founder effect.

Question 18

Mexican hairless dogs are heterozygous (Hh),carrying a single copy of the dominant lethal allele.In a given population,the Hh genotypic frequency is 60% and the frequency of each homozygote is 20%.Assuming w = 1 for the Hh and hh dogs,what is the estimated genotypic frequency of the lethal HH genotype after reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  20%
B)  14%
C)  10%
D)  39%
E)  46%

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic mechanism for reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral isolation
B)  gametic isolation
C)  habitat separation
D)  mechanical isolation
E)  hybrid sterility

Question 20

________ is an evolutionary mechanism that favors the reproductive success of certain members of a population over others as a result of differences in anatomical,physiological,or behavioral traits they possess.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is an evolutionary mechanism that favors...

Exam 22: Population Genetics and Evolution