Question 1

A client with gallstones most likely feels pain in the:

Accepted Answer

A) lower back. 
B) lower left quadrant of the abdomen. 
C) lower right quadrant of the abdomen. 
D) middle back and right shoulder.

Question 2

Which type of cancer is the most lethal, accounting for 10% of all cancer deaths?

Accepted Answer

A) Pancreatic 
B) Stomach 
C) Liver 
D) Colorectal

Question 3

Yellowish coloring of the skin and mucosa caused by elevated blood bilirubin is called:

Accepted Answer

A) dermatitis. 
B) cirrhosis. 
C) thrush. 
D) jaundice.

Question 4

Benign growths suspended by a stalk on mucous membranes are called:

Accepted Answer

A) pedunculated polyps. 
B) diverticula. 
C) hemorrhoids. 
D) mumps.

Question 5

Which condition is periodic regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus, caused by relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter or increased intraabdominal pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) Gastroesophageal reflux disease 
B) Peptic ulcer disease 
C) Ulcerative colitis 
D) Hiatal hernia

Question 6

Which condition is inflammation of the liver?

Accepted Answer

A) Hepatitis 
B) Peritonitis 
C) Pancreatitis 
D) Gastritis

Question 7

The most common symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease is:

Accepted Answer

A) loss of appetite. 
B) heartburn. 
C) fever. 
D) weight gain.

Question 8

Which term means frequent passing of unformed, loose, watery stools?

Accepted Answer

A) Nausea 
B) Diarrhea 
C) Constipation 
D) Gastritis

Question 9

Which approach is appropriate for the massage therapist if a client reports pain that began vaguely near the umbilicus then shifted to the lower right quadrant, and who has had periods of nausea for the past 6 to 12 hours?

Accepted Answer

A) Perform massage to mobilize the contents of the abdomen. 
B) Immediately refer the client for medical evaluation due to symptoms of appendicitis. 
C) Realize these are symptoms of gastroenteritis and postpone massage until symptoms subside. 
D) Avoid placing the client in the prone position.

Question 10

Which condition is progressive liver disease with liver cells destroyed and replaced with fibrous scar tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) Hepatitis 
B) Pancreatitis 
C) Cirrhosis 
D) Gastritis

Question 11

Which condition is an acute infectious viral disease caused by the paramyxovirus?

Accepted Answer

A) Thrush 
B) Pharyngitis 
C) Tonsillitis 
D) Mumps

Question 12

Which condition is cholelithiasis?

Accepted Answer

A) Gallbladder inflammation 
B) Gallstones 
C) Liver inflammation 
D) Gastric reflex

Question 13

Which condition is inflammation of the gastric mucosa?

Accepted Answer

A) Diverticulitis 
B) Gastritis 
C) Cholecystitis 
D) Colitis

Question 14

Ulcerations of the mucosal lining in parts of the gastrointestinal tract exposed to acidic gastric juice, often caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, are known as:

Accepted Answer

A) diverticulitis. 
B) ulcerative colitis. 
C) peptic ulcer disease. 
D) Crohn disease.

Question 15

Which condition involves benign growths on mucous membranes, commonly found in the colon?

Accepted Answer

A) Fissures 
B) Polyps 
C) Hemorrhoids 
D) Diverticula

Question 16

Massage indications for a client with gastroenteritis include:

Accepted Answer

A) once the client begins antibiotic treatment. 
B) only if the client is free from vomiting. 
C) if the cause is an allergic reaction to food. 
D) after 48 hours of being symptom-free.

Question 17

Which term describes infrequent or difficult passing of stools?

Accepted Answer

A) Hemorrhoids 
B) Hernia 
C) Constipation 
D) Diarrhea

Question 18

Massage considerations for a client with irritable bowel syndrome include:

Accepted Answer

A) that it is contraindicated. 
B) focusing on relaxation and stress management while avoiding the abdomen if sensitive. 
C) deep abdominal massage. 
D) that it is indicated only after symptoms have subsided.

Question 19

Which sign or symptom characterizes tonsillitis?

Accepted Answer

A) Heartburn 
B) Diarrhea 
C) Difficulty swallowing 
D) Nausea

Question 20

Which action is inappropriate when massaging a client who has a colostomy bag?

Accepted Answer

A) Recommending avoiding eating for 2 to 3 hours before the session 
B) Using prone position because that will likely be the best choice 
C) Avoiding applying lubricant on or near the bag opening 
D) In the event of bag spillage, leaving the room so the client can clean it up

Exam 11: Gastrointestinal Pathologies