Question 1

Which of the following best describes the term glass wall?

Accepted Answer

A)  the obstacles faced by people who enter the fields of law and medicine 
B)  the obstacles faced by majority groups, especially White men as a result of affirmative action 
C)  the barriers to horizontal movement faced by minority groups that may help in job advancement 
D)  the discrimination faced by customers who belong to subordinate groups

Question 2

Two years into her new job, Paula finds that her salary is considerably lesser than that of her male colleagues at similar positions. She can seek redress for this disparity in pay even after 180 days under the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act 
B)  Employment Non-Discrimination Act 
C)  Equal Pay Act of 1963 
D)  Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act

Question 3

________ implies a fixed standard based on a minimum level of subsistence below which families should not be expected to exist.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ implies a fixed standard based on...

Question 4

Which of the following indicates the prevalence of a glass wall?

Accepted Answer

A)  women being expected to find a fine balance between work outside the home and childcare and housework 
B)  men who enter female-dominated occupations being rewarded frequently with promotions and positions of responsibility 
C)  groups that reject assimilation and promote coexistence and pluralism 
D)  women being placed in support positions that reflect their stereotypical helping nature

Question 5

Define and differentiate among glass ceilings, glass walls, and glass escalators.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define and differentiate among glass ceilings, glass...

Question 6

Which of the following is true of hate groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  They direct their crimes toward those who are relatively powerless. 
B)  Their existence on the World Wide Web is close to negligible. 
C)  Their crimes are limited to minority religious groups. 
D)  A majority of their crimes are anti-White.

Question 7

Which of the following has been the key driver for initiatives to end discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  action by the federal government 
B)  laws passed by individual states 
C)  resistance to inequality by subordinate groups 
D)  efforts made by the media to eradicate racial discrimination

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of institutional discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  a job that places a blanket exclusion on hiring people with felony records 
B)  a sales job that requires employees to be fluent in the local language 
C)  a job that does not permit children to accompany parents to the workplace 
D)  a job that has an equal number of holidays for employees of all ethnicities

Question 9

An ordinary crime is defined as a(n) ________ when offenders are motivated to choose a victim because of some characteristic-for example, race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or disability-and provide evidence that hatred prompted them to commit the crime.

Accepted Answer

A)  crime against morality 
B)  bias crime 
C)  inchoate crime 
D)  organized crime

Question 10

What is meant by the term environmental justice? Provide examples to explain environmental discrimination.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is meant by the term environmental...

Question 11

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) was given the power to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ensure that employees have a work environment free from recognized hazards 
B)  investigate complaints against employers 
C)  make recommendations to the President 
D)  ensure that employees do not work more than the maximum number of hours established by the Commission

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the term environmental justice?

Accepted Answer

A)  the rights of all communities to receive protection from the threat of hazardous waste 
B)  equal access to parkland recreation programs to people of all ethnicities, regardless of race 
C)  efforts to ensure that Native American lands are free from misuse 
D)  the rights of Green parties to appear on ballots

Question 13

The effort to recruit members of subordinate groups for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  institutional discrimination 
B)  affirmative action 
C)  relative deprivation 
D)  occupational segregation

Question 14

What is reverse discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  The charge that women are discriminated against in employment practices. 
B)  The charge that affirmative action discriminates against dominant group members. 
C)  The charge that law enforcement officers belonging to majority groups discriminate against others. 
D)  The charge that employees in senior management positions exploit those in lower levels of the organizational hierarchy.

Question 15

In 2013, the Supreme Court made a ruling in the Davis v. University of Texas at Austin case that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the college must show compelling evidence that racial preferences are justified as one of the admissions criteria 
B)  race cannot be used in the admissions formula for undergraduates at the University of Texas 
C)  White professors may bring reverse discrimination claims against Court-approved affirmative action plans 
D)  standardized academic tests or criteria must not be geared to the cultural norms of White students

Question 16

Joanne and Richard are both single parents looking for housing in a certain neighborhood. Joanne is consistently quoted higher rents than Richard. If Joanne is being redlined, it is because she differs from Richard in terms of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  race 
B)  income level 
C)  age 
D)  occupation

Question 17

Redlining refers to the pattern of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  racial profiling by law enforcement agencies 
B)  racial groups to be employed in different occupations from each other 
C)  IQ tests favoring middle-class children, especially the White and Hispanic middle class 
D)  discrimination against those trying to buy homes in racially changing localities

Question 18

In which of the following Supreme Court rulings did the court affirm that victims had to file a formal complaint within 180 days of the alleged discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  New York State Clubs Assoc. v. City of New York 
B)  Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. 
C)  Gratz v. Bollinger 
D)  Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

Question 19

________ refers to the efforts to ensure that hazardous substances are controlled so that all communities receive protection regardless of race or socioeconomic circumstance.

Accepted Answer

A)  Environmental justice 
B)  Affirmative action 
C)  Intergenerational equity 
D)  Environmental pluralism

Question 20

Civil rights activist Carmichael and political scientist Hamilton introduced the concept of ________ to refer to covert acts committed collectively against an entire group.

Accepted Answer

A)  pluralism 
B)  institutional discrimination 
C)  color-blind racism 
D)  institutional racism

Exam 3: Discrimination