Question 1

Explain the pathophysiology of MDS.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the pathophysiology of MDS....

Question 2

Explain the relationship between myelodysplastic syndromes and acute leukemia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the relationship between myelodysplastic syndromes and...

Question 3

Give at least five morphologic indicators of dyserythropoiesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give at least five morphologic indicators of...

Question 4

Myelodysplastic syndromes are sometimes called "pre-leukemias" because:

Accepted Answer

A) They have a progressive induction into acute leukemia. 
B) They frequently progress to aplastic anemia. 
C) Treatment for this disorder leads to leukemia. 
D) They always precede leukemia

Question 5

What is the major criterion for the diagnosis of acute leukemia?

Accepted Answer

A) The cytoplasm of the blasts contains no granules. 
B) The nuclear cytoplasmic ratio in blasts is lower than that of type I blasts. 
C) The blast count is less than 19% in the bone marrow. 
D) The blast count is more than 20% in the bone marrow.

Question 6

A bone marrow specimen is received in the cytogenetics lab.FISH analysis has been ordered.The technologist performs the assay and notices that 96% of the patient cells contain both 5q- and 12q- deletions.These cytogenetic findings are characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

A) CML 
B) AML 
C) MDS 
D) ALL

Question 7

Which of the following tests would help differentiate between MDS/MPD disorders and CML?

Accepted Answer

A) CBC 
B) PB smear 
C) Cytogenetic analysis 
D) LAP stain

Question 8

All of the following are considered morphologic evidence of dyserythropoiesis except:

Accepted Answer

A) Abnormal degranulation. 
B) Dimorphic cell population. 
C) Oval macrocytes. 
D) Karyorrhexis.

Question 9

Patients with a low percentage of cells that express CD11b, and this marker have a shorter survival compared to patients whose cells do not have these characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A) CD7 
B) CD8 
C) CD4 
D) CD31

Question 10

Which of the following laboratory tests would not be helpful in identifying MDS/MPD-u?

Accepted Answer

A) Immunophenotyping 
B) Bone marrow analysis 
C) Cytogenetic analysis 
D) Molecular-based testing

Question 11

A technologist is reviewing a blood smear, and finds a rare blast.Bone marrow analysis also shows dysplasia in 30% of the erythroblasts and myeloid precursors and 4% blasts.What is a possible diagnosis based on these findings?

Accepted Answer

A) RA 
B) RAEB -1 
C) RARS 
D) R/cnd

Question 12

A 58-year-old male visits his physician for extreme fatigue.After conducting a standard investigation, the physician strongly suspects that his patient is suffering from CML.Which one of the following lab results would confirm this picture?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypercellular bone marrow 
B) Hypercellular bone marrow with dysmyelopoiesis 
C) Positive molecular analysis for BCR-ABL 
D) Normal WBC count

Question 13

What must be seen in the bone marrow to confirm refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts?

Accepted Answer

A) A minimum of 30% ringed sideroblasts 
B) A minimum of 5% ringed sideroblasts 
C) A minimum of 5% monoblasts 
D) A minimum of 15% ringed sideroblasts

Exam 22: Myelodysplastic Syndromes