Question 1

Create an experiment where you would use both a Southern blot and a Northern blot to determine if a newly isolated bacterium contains and actively uses the same catabolic pathway as previously demonstrated.What is the value in doing the Southern blot first? With results from these experiments,how would you conclude if the same pathway is active or not?

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Question 2

Recognizing pathogens that contain multiple unique proteins which enable the human immune system to recognize just one and mount an effective response has opened the door on development of some vaccines only being

Accepted Answer

A)  attenuated carrier viruses. 
B)  monovalent. 
C)  subunit vaccines. 
D)  purified protein administered.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a common step in creating a genomic library?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fragment DNA into small segments. 
B)  Hybridize DNA sequences to form inserts of a target size range. 
C)  Ligate DNA into vectors. 
D)  Transform the vectors into a host.

Question 4

How can foreign DNA of greater than 300 kbp be inserted and stably maintained in BAC vectors?

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Question 5

When is it appropriate to use an artificial chromosome vector? Describe a specific example.

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Question 6

Explain how a DNA library is created and how a particular vector is selected.

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Question 7

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)copies an individual gene segment in vitro with a(n)________ primer(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  individual RNA 
B)  individual DNA 
C)  pair of RNA 
D)  pair of DNA

Question 8

One method to circumvent issues with introns when expression eukaryotic gene is a bacterium is to simply clone the mature transcript.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following sequences would be cleaved by a type II restriction endonuclease?

Accepted Answer

A)  TTGCCGA
AACGGCT 
B)  GGGGGGG
CCCCCCCC 
C)  GTAATG
CATTAC 
D)  GAATTC
CTTAAG

Question 10

A poorly immunogenic vaccine often suggests the foreign proteins were not properly recognized by the immune system due to a lack of ________ necessary,which can also be engineered to occur with additional molecular manipulations.

Accepted Answer

A)  complex folding 
B)  methylation 
C)  glucosylation 
D)  glycosylation

Question 11

Defend why codon usage must be considered when cloning a gene into another organism.

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Question 12

If vaccinia viruses were not both immunogenic and relatively benign,they would likely not be a favored vehicle for vaccinations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Compare how the process of cloning differs when a vector with sticky ends is used and when a vector with blunt ends is used.

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Question 14

Cloning vectors can be distinguished from expression vectors by

Accepted Answer

A)  carrying ori genes for replication of the cloned sequence. 
B)  having a multiple cloning site (MCS). 
C)  having a high copy number per cell. 
D)  lacking a promoter site upstream of the insertion site.

Question 15

Which of those below is NOT an important consideration when designing a fusion protein construct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Avoid hybridization of the fusion gene in the artificial construct. 
B)  Reading frame is the same for both the fusion gene and reporter gene. 
C)  Transcriptional start and stop signals are shared. 
D)  Translational start and stop signals are shared.

Question 16

Describe the three main steps to clone a gene into an organism.

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Question 17

Describe a method developed by molecular biologists to easily observe the success of a genetic engineering procedure involving the ligating of a gene of interest into a plasmid.

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Question 18

Type II restriction endonucleases

Accepted Answer

A)  are heterodimers. 
B)  natively function to methylate specific nucleotides and prevent foreign DNA from being incorporated into the genome. 
C)  recognize nucleotide sequences that are palindromic. 
D)  require ATP energy to cleave dsDNA.

Question 19

Compare and contrast operon and protein fusions.

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Question 20

Explain the process of site-directed mutagenesis,and discuss some applications of this technique.

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Exam 11: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology