Question 1

The function of lipoproteins in body metabolism is to transport:

Accepted Answer

A)  triglycerides to and from the liver. 
B)  proteins to and from the cells. 
C)  lipids to and from the cells. 
D)  cholesterol to and from adipose tissues.

Question 2

Omega-3 fatty acids help decrease risk of heart disease by:

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing HDL cholesterol levels. 
B)  decreasing blood pressure. 
C)  decreasing platelet aggregation. 
D)  increasing polyunsaturated fat intake.

Question 3

The class of lipoproteins that is most responsible for atherosclerosis and is considered "bad cholesterol" is:

Accepted Answer

A)  LDL. 
B)  HDL. 
C)  VLDL. 
D)  chylomicrons.

Question 4

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism tends to promote the retention of sodium and the excretion of:

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium. 
B)  creatinine. 
C)  iron. 
D)  potassium.

Question 5

If a patient who has just had a myocardial infarction has hypertension, his or her recommended diet would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  low in sodium. 
B)  high in fiber. 
C)  soft texture. 
D)  low in saturated fat.

Question 6

The objective of nutritional management for clients with tuberculosis is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain weight or prevent weight loss. 
B)  reduce stress on the lungs. 
C)  reduce edema and high blood pressure. 
D)  maintain adequate hydration.

Question 7

The upper limit of normal blood pressure in adults is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  110/70 mm Hg. 
B)  120/80 mm Hg. 
C)  130/85 mm Hg. 
D)  140/90 mm Hg.

Question 8

An important feature of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan is:

Accepted Answer

A)  reducing intake of saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol. 
B)  eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products. 
C)  reducing respiratory quotient (RQ) by increasing fat and decreasing carbohydrate. 
D)  increasing soluble fiber and omega-3 fatty acids.

Question 9

Good sources of soluble dietary fiber include:

Accepted Answer

A)  cereal grains. 
B)  animal protein. 
C)  root vegetables. 
D)  oatmeal.

Question 10

When blood supply to a tissue or body part is reduced, the result is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  infarction. 
B)  hypotension. 
C)  ischemia. 
D)  cyanosis.

Question 11

Several types of blood lipoproteins are synthesized in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  liver. 
B)  spleen. 
C)  pancreas. 
D)  adrenal glands.

Question 12

Development of coronary heart disease is related to:

Accepted Answer

A)  weakened coronary vessels. 
B)  chronic alcohol abuse. 
C)  lack of amino acids. 
D)  fibrous plaques in coronary vessels.

Question 13

The diagnosis of prehypertension, stage 1 hypertension, or stage 2 hypertension is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium intake. 
B)  systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure. 
C)  amount of weight gain. 
D)  cholesterol level.

Question 14

Medical nutrition therapy for treatment of hypertension includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid restriction. 
B)  increased intakes of potassium and calcium. 
C)  reduced carbohydrate intake. 
D)  decreased fat and protein intake.

Question 15

In nutritional management of high serum cholesterol levels, TLC stands for:

Accepted Answer

A)  therapeutic lifestyle changes. 
B)  therapy to lower cholesterol. 
C)  training for lifelong care. 
D)  therapeutic lipid control.

Question 16

Soluble fibers are believed to be beneficial for preventing heart disease because they:

Accepted Answer

A)  expedite gastric emptying. 
B)  lower LDL cholesterol levels. 
C)  increase intestinal transit time. 
D)  quicken glucose absorption.

Question 17

The main source of dietary sodium is:

Accepted Answer

A)  table salt. 
B)  processed foods. 
C)  herbs and other seasonings. 
D)  drinking water.

Question 18

The most important factor that contributes to development of peripheral vascular disease is:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium intake. 
B)  saturated fat intake. 
C)  cigarette smoking. 
D)  alcohol intake.

Question 19

Congestive heart failure affects the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism so that:

Accepted Answer

A)  excess fluid is excreted from the body. 
B)  excess sodium is excreted from the body. 
C)  fluids are retained by the body. 
D)  cardiac workload is reduced.

Question 20

A desirable blood cholesterol level is:

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 200 mg/dL. 
B)  200 to 250 mg/dL. 
C)  250 to 300 mg/dL. 
D)  300 to 325 mg/dL.

Exam 21: Diseases of the Heart, Blood Vessels, and Lungs