Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS)is a Minimally Invasive Operative Technique That

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is a minimally invasive operative technique that has evolved over the past decade.It uses an endoscopic approach to visualize the thoracic cavity for diagnosis of pleural disease or treatment of pleural and lung conditions.In the adult,the surgeon creates a 2- to 3-cm incision between the ________ intercostal spaces for insertion of the 10- or 12-mm trocar.The trocar sites can also be used for insertion of a ____________.

A) fourth and sixth; robotic grasper
B) sixth and eighth; chest tube
C) fifth and seventh; zero-degree scope
D) sixth and eighth; video camera

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