Question 1

Discuss how perceptions of control can influence the amount of stress an individual will experience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss how perceptions of control can influence...

Question 2

Chronic exposure to noise has been linked to:

Accepted Answer

A) ulcers 
B) high blood pressure 
C) a general decline in perceived quality of life 
D) all of these choices

Question 3

Keith goes into his doctor for a blood test.Two weeks later, he returns for a follow-up blood test, and the doctor notes that Keith's lymphocyte count has increased since his earlier visit.Based on the research into the physical responses to stress, you might conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A) Keith is experiencing more stress at the time of the second blood test 
B) Keith is experiencing less stress at the time of the second blood test 
C) Keith is more likely to develop a physical illness within the next 2 weeks 
D) Keith has a phobic reaction to medical testing that causes him to experience severe stress

Question 4

Tertiary prevention involves:

Accepted Answer

A) educating the public as a whole in ways to reduce or eliminate a problem before it starts 
B) the early identification of risk factors for specific populations 
C) handling and containing an illness or habit once it has been acquired 
D) conducting laboratory research into the etiology of specific psychological disorders

Question 5

In the general activation syndrome (GAS), described by Selye, the body may appear to be functioning efficiently, although arousal continues to be higher than normal:

Accepted Answer

A) during the alarm reaction 
B) during the resistance phase 
C) during the exhaustion stage 
D) during recovery from stress

Question 6

These are specialized white blood cells that attack foreign substances, such as viruses and bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) cortisol cells 
B) lymphocytes 
C) red blood cells 
D) all of these choices

Question 7

Someone with a Type A personality would tend to be:

Accepted Answer

A) self-satisfied, patient, and relaxed 
B) extroverted, open, and agreeable 
C) neurotic, introverted and impatient 
D) hard driving, ambitious, and impatient

Question 8

People who consistently make ____________________, stable, and global attributions for negative events are more likely to suffer from increased stress-related health problems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People who consistently make ____________________, stable, and...

Question 9

Compared to individuals who live in low-density neighborhoods, you would expect people who live in high-density neighborhoods to experience ____________________ stress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared to individuals who live in low-density...

Question 10

Rasheed is an army field surgeon who has been operating on wounded soldiers for the past 24 hours, without a break.It seems as if he will never be able to deal with all the wounded soldiers that are already at the field hospital, and more wounded are arriving every hour.Meanwhile, the sound of heavy artillery is getting closer all the time.At this point, Rasheed feels completely worn out.His overall energy reserves are totally depleted, and his body just wants to give up.According to Selye's general activation syndrome (GAS), Rasheed is probably experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A) an alarm reaction 
B) a resistance reaction 
C) autonomic rebound 
D) physiological exhaustion

Question 11

To help her relax and eliminate her headaches, Tonya uses a device that lets her know through a tone it emits that the muscles in her head are becoming less tense.The device is providing Tonya with:

Accepted Answer

A) biofeedback 
B) autogenic training 
C) meditation 
D) transference

Question 12

A number of research studies have investigated gender differences in physiological and behavior reactions to stress.The evidence from these studies suggests that in comparison to females, males:

Accepted Answer

A) have a weaker physiological response to stress 
B) are more likely to become aggressive or flee 
C) enter Selye's exhaustion stage much sooner 
D) show stronger and more widespread physiological reactions to stress

Question 13

In a research study involving medical students, lymphocyte levels were measured just before final exam week, and again during final exam week.In this study, the researchers found that during the final exam week, the medical students:

Accepted Answer

A) had more lymphocytes in their blood 
B) had the same number of lymphocytes, but the lymphocytes were less active 
C) had fewer lymphocytes in their blood 
D) had the same number of lymphocytes, but the lymphocytes were more active

Question 14

Raquel works as an emergency dispatcher.She thought the job would be exciting, but it has turned out to be more stressful than exciting.She works long hours and seldom receives any recognition.The only time people seem to notice what she does is when the emergency units are slow in responding.She has become disillusioned with her job, and she often calls in sick.In this case, it is quite likely that Raquel is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A) burnout 
B) posttraumatic stress disorder 
C) general adaptation syndrome 
D) amotivational syndrome

Question 15

Discuss the Type A, Type B, and Type D personality styles, and their relationship to the effects of stress on physical health.

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Question 16

Trudy and Sean were "bumped" from their flight out of San Francisco.Sean got very upset and yelled about how this totally ruined their vacation when, in reality, they didn't really need to get home that evening.Trudy said, "Look, this gives us another chance to see some of the things we've missed, and we have a free plane ticket too!" Trudy experienced little stress because she used:

Accepted Answer

A) social support 
B) internal, global, and stable attributions 
C) cognitive reappraisal 
D) autogenic relaxation

Question 17

After the World Trade Center bombing, counselors came in to help the survivors and rescue workers cope.Some of the counselors just listened and let the people talk about the disaster.Based on Pennebaker's research, this procedure was probably:

Accepted Answer

A) harmful, because trauma victims always need intense psychotherapy 
B) helpful, because talking about troubles leads to better coping and less stress 
C) harmful, because talking just reopens the wounds so that they are slower to heal 
D) neutral, because talking doesn't hurt, but it doesn't help, either

Question 18

Outline different relaxation techniques that can be used to cope with stress.

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Question 19

A health psychologist is involved in promoting women's health fairs that screen for breast and cervical cancer, and evaluating psychological and nutritional conditions.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) preemptive prevention 
B) primary prevention 
C) secondary prevention 
D) tertiary prevention

Question 20

Stress involves any circumstances that:

Accepted Answer

A) have negative outcomes associated with them 
B) cause an increase in blood pressure and heart rate 
C) require an individual to choose between two alternatives 
D) threaten one's well being and thereby tax one's coping abilities

Exam 16: Stress and Health