Question 1

According to Festinger's (1957) theory of cognitive dissonance, ____________________ behavior produces tension.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Festinger's (1957) theory of cognitive...

Question 2

Research suggests that one of the best ways to reduce prejudice and discrimination is through:

Accepted Answer

A) perspective taking 
B) thought suppression 
C) counterconditioning 
D) free association

Question 3

At crowded parties, Amy loses her sense of self and often behaves in ways that she later regrets.It appears that crowded parties:

Accepted Answer

A) cause a sense of groupthink in Amy 
B) cause Amy to display a self-serving bias 
C) create a sense of deindividuation in Amy 
D) produce a self-serving bias in Amy

Question 4

Jessica is in a really bad mood.Everything seems to be going wrong for her.Recent research that has investigated attributional biases suggests that under these circumstances, Jessica is:

Accepted Answer

A) less likely to show the self-serving bias 
B) more likely to make the fundamental attribution error 
C) less likely to make the fundamental attribution error 
D) more likely to initiate a self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 5

Election commercials that attempt to persuade viewers by listing the candidate's views and accomplishments are using:

Accepted Answer

A) a peripheral route strategy 
B) a central route strategy 
C) the foot-in-the-door strategy 
D) the source characteristics strategy

Question 6

Carlos has an unfavorable attitude toward his landlord.He spends every Saturday night pouring over the classified ads trying to find a different apartment to rent.This action forms part of:

Accepted Answer

A) the cognitive component of Carlos' attitude toward his landlord 
B) the affective component of Carlos' attitude toward his landlord 
C) the behavioral component of Carlos' attitude toward his landlord 
D) the physiological component of Carlos' attitude toward his landlord

Question 7

When a behavior is high in consistency, distinctiveness, and consensus, people tend to:

Accepted Answer

A) make internal attributions 
B) make the fundamental attribution error 
C) make external attributions 
D) show the self-serving bias

Question 8

Both explicit and implicit prejudice can be reduced through repeated exposure to individuals in the stereotyped group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

He knew it might cause a fire, but Jacob used the wire the foreman told him to use.Jacob's behavior is best explained in terms of:

Accepted Answer

A) social loafing 
B) social interference 
C) obedience 
D) normative social influence

Question 10

Some critics have suggested that President Bush's staff were more concerned with getting a consensus on the issue of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq than listening to dissenting opinions.If true, this situation is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) group polarization 
B) lowballing 
C) the fundamental attribution error 
D) groupthink

Question 11

An intense emotional state in which there is a powerful longing to be with the other person is called:

Accepted Answer

A) companionate love 
B) passionate love 
C) reciprocal love 
D) spontaneous love

Question 12

The football player, who was playing injured, dropped the ball on a key play.The coach told the player he dropped the ball because he "didn't have the heart of a winner." The coach's behavior illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A) the self-serving bias 
B) the fundamental attribution error 
C) a self-fulfilling prophecy 
D) cognitive dissonance

Question 13

Sheila believes that all news reporters are cynical, doubting individuals who would sell their souls to obtain an exclusive story.In this case, Sheila's beliefs about the traits and behaviors of news reporters represent:

Accepted Answer

A) a self-fulfilling prophecy 
B) a stereotype 
C) the fundamental attribution error 
D) social interference

Question 14

When an individual pays very little attention to the content of a persuasive message and focuses instead on superficial aspects of the message, the message is being processed using the:

Accepted Answer

A) peripheral route to persuasion 
B) central route to persuasion 
C) internal attribution method 
D) external attribution method

Question 15

Cyrah notices that every time she is in the bookstore, she spends more time checking out new books in the biography section than looking at the newest novels.Consequently, Cyrah decides she must really like reading biographies.Cyrah's attitude can best be explained using:

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive dissonance theory 
B) self-perception theory 
C) observational learning theory 
D) fundamental attribution theory

Question 16

One type of information that individuals assess when making attributions is consensus.This means that individuals try to determine:

Accepted Answer

A) how a particular person reacts toward a given object or event at different times 
B) how a particular person reacts toward a variety of objects or events 
C) how different people react toward a given object or event 
D) how different people react toward a variety of objects or events

Question 17

The knowledge or beliefs that individuals have about a particular object or event are part of:

Accepted Answer

A) the cognitive component of attitudes about the object or event 
B) the affective component of attitudes about the object or event 
C) the behavioral component of attitudes about the object or event 
D) the physiological component of attitudes about the object or event

Question 18

The management at NASA had clear evidence that freezing launch temperatures might pose a problem for the space shuttle launch, but the managers chose to ignore that evidence and proceeded with the launch.The process that would best explain what happened in this case is:

Accepted Answer

A) group polarization 
B) groupthink 
C) informational social influence 
D) social interference

Question 19

Emerald met Chuck at a party this past weekend.She was extremely attracted to him, but she has not really had the chance to get to know anything about him yet.According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, Emerald is currently experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A) romantic love for Chuck 
B) liking for Chuck 
C) empty love for Chuck 
D) infatuated love for Chuck

Question 20

Groupthink involves a tendency for:

Accepted Answer

A) groups to produce more ideas than individuals working alone 
B) the group's dominant point of view to become stronger over time 
C) groups to produce fewer ideas than individuals working alone 
D) members of a group to seek consensus and ignore or suppress dissenting opinions

Exam 13: Social Psychology