Question 1

A nurse is preparing an educational program for clients in a long-term care facility regarding methods for coping with age-associated cognitive changes.Which information should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Becoming involved in activities such as reading that keep the mind active 
B)  Playing board games 
C)  Using assistive devices such as a pill box for medications 
D)  Making lists, posting appointments on calendars, and writing notes to self 
E)  Not relying on habits; challenging your mind to remember new things

Question 2

The client's family says,"We don't understand what is happening to Dad.He becomes very agitated in the evenings,cussing like a sailor." When responding to the family,which phenomenon will the nurse include?

Accepted Answer

A)  Delirium 
B)  Sundown syndrome 
C)  Anxiety 
D)  Psychosis

Question 3

A nurse is caring for a client with Alzheimer disease (AD)who has receptive aphasia.Which area of the brain is likely damaged from AD?

Accepted Answer

A)  Temporal lobe 
B)  Limbic system 
C)  Frontal lobe 
D)  Occipital lobe

Question 4

The nurse includes information regarding long-term care placement in the discharge materials for the family of a client newly diagnosed with Alzheimer disease.Which is the rationale for providing this information to the family at this time?

Accepted Answer

A)  It often takes 6 to12 months for an individual with Alzheimer disease to establish a successful transfer to a facility, and this will allow adequate time. 
B)  It's better to address the issue of placement now instead of later. 
C)  Early introduction to long-term options will allow the client and family time to make a more informed decision. 
D)  Long-term care placement is inevitable with this diagnosis.

Question 5

A client diagnosed with Alzheimer disease has a catastrophic reaction during an activity involving simultaneous music playing and a craft project.The client starts shouting,"No! No! No!" and runs from the room.Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administer a PRN anti-anxiety medication and restrict the client's activity participation. 
B)  Intervene one-on-one with the client until the client is calm, and then redirect the client to another activity such as Bingo. 
C)  Discontinue the activity program because it is upsetting the client. 
D)  Follow the client, reassure the client one-on-one, and then redirect the client to a quiet activity.

Question 6

A nurse is caring for a client who is confused and agitated.The nurse understands that the best method to determine if the client has reversible confusion is to use the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM).What is true regarding this diagnostic tool?

Accepted Answer

A)  It consists of five parts and is a lengthy test. 
B)  It measures the severity of the client's delirium. 
C)  It is also effective in screening for depression. 
D)  It is effective in screening for cognitive impairment and reversible confusion.

Question 7

A client receiving chlorpromazine (Thorazine)for the treatment of schizophrenia is demonstrating signs of tardive dyskinesia.Which assessment findings does the nurse anticipate for this client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Wormlike motions of the tongue 
B)  Lip smacking 
C)  Unusual facial movements 
D)  Muscle spasms of the neck 
E)  Shuffling gait

Question 8

An older adult client comes into the clinic for a pneumonia vaccine.During the client interview,the client seems to have mild difficulty with several words and has problems remembering the nurse's name.The client is alert and oriented to time,person,and place and most responses seem appropriate.How should the nurse describe this client's cognitive changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory impairment that may be related to cerebral ischemia 
B)  Normal signs of aging 
C)  Indicators of depression in the elderly 
D)  Early symptoms of dementia

Question 9

A nursing instructor is teaching a group of student nurses about the different theories of cognition.Which cognitive development theory proposes that all children progress through the same stages of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Piaget 
B)  Vygotsky 
C)  Information-processing 
D)  Erickson

Question 10

A client with Alzheimer disease is scheduled to attend occupational therapy three times a week.Which is the purpose of the client attending this type of therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Improve language deficits 
B)  Improve muscle tone 
C)  Perform activities of daily living 
D)  Improve access to community organizations

Question 11

The nurse identifies the diagnosis of Risk for Injury for a client who is disoriented.Which statement should the nurse identify as an expected outcome for this client's care?

Accepted Answer

A)  The client does not sustain injuries during wanderings. 
B)  The client maintains continence on four out of five voidings. 
C)  The client receives culturally appropriate care. 
D)  The client sleeps through the night and stays awake most of the day.

Exam 23: Cognition