Question 1

A 10 percent increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood will

Accepted Answer

A) decrease the rate of breathing. 
B) double the respiratory rate. 
C) decrease pulmonary ventilation. 
D) decrease the alveolar ventilation rate. 
E) decrease the vital capacity.

Question 2

The respiratory mucosa consists of

Accepted Answer

A) epithelium and underlying layer of areolar tissue. 
B) dense irregular connective and adipose tissue. 
C) ciliated stratified squamous and columnar cells. 
D) fibrocartilage and mucous cells. 
E) dense regular connective and areolar tissue.

Question 3

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term bronchiolar smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

A) accessory muscle of expiration 
B) accessory muscle of inspiration 
C) primary muscle of inspiration 
D) contraction increases airway resistance 
E) affects lung compliance

Question 4

A patient with a connective tissue disease experiences increased pulmonary vascular resistance.Over a period of time,you would expect to observe

Accepted Answer

A) increased cardiac output from the right ventricle. 
B) increased cardiac output from the left ventricle. 
C) increased thickness of the right ventricular wall. 
D) distension of the pulmonary veins from the right lung. 
E) no appreciable changes in heart structure or function.

Question 5

When the inspiratory muscles relax,the rib cage returns to its original position as a result of

Accepted Answer

A) exhalation. 
B) gravity. 
C) elastic rebound. 
D) accessory muscle contraction. 
E) partial pressure difference.

Question 6

When does oxyhemoglobin form during respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) during external respiration 
B) immediately after carbon dioxide enters the blood 
C) when the chloride shift occurs 
D) during pulmonary ventilation 
E) during internal respiration

Question 7

The flap-like structure that prevents food from entering the larynx is called the

Accepted Answer

A) uvula. 
B) soft palate. 
C) epiglottis. 
D) thyroid cartilage. 
E) cricoid cartilage.

Question 8

Severing the sensory fibers from the lungs would result in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) less inhibition of the inspiratory center during forced breathing. 
B) a drop in tidal volume. 
C) potential damage to the lungs due to overinflation. 
D) a disappearance of the Hering-Breuer reflexes. 
E) less stimulation of the expiratory center during forced breathing.

Question 9

A newborn infant is found dead,abandoned by the road.Among the many questions that the police would like answered is whether the infant was stillborn.How could the medical examiner tell?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A newborn infant is found dead,abandoned by...

Question 10

Carbon dioxide and water combine to form

Accepted Answer

A) hydrochloric acid. 
B) oxygen. 
C) carbonic acid. 
D) carbaminohemoglobin. 
E) nitric acid.

Question 11

Which of the following are not present prior to birth?

Accepted Answer

A) Pulmonary arterial resistance is high. 
B) Pulmonary vessels are collapsed. 
C) Rib cage is compressed. 
D) Alveoli are expanded. 
E) Lungs and airways contain only a small amount of fluid.

Question 12

________ = respiratory rate × (tidal volume - anatomic dead space)

Accepted Answer

A) Vital capacity 
B) Respiratory minute volume 
C) Pulmonary ventilation rate 
D) Alveolar ventilation rate 
E) External respiration rate

Question 13

Components of the upper respiratory system include all of the following except the

Accepted Answer

A) lips. 
B) nose. 
C) nasal cavity. 
D) pharynx. 
E) paranasal sinuses.

Question 14

In quiet breathing,

Accepted Answer

A) inspiration and expiration involve muscular contractions. 
B) inspiration is passive and expiration involves muscular contractions. 
C) inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive. 
D) inspiration and expiration are both passive. 
E) inspiration is deep and forceful.

Question 15

Gas exchange between air and circulating blood takes place within the

Accepted Answer

A) terminal bronchioles. 
B) bronchi. 
C) trachea. 
D) alveoli. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 16

Determination of blood gases includes testing an arterial sample for

Accepted Answer

A) pH. 
B) PO₂. 
C) PCO₂. 
D) PO₂ and PCO₂. 
E)  pH,PO₂,and PCO₂.

Question 17

While playing in an intramural football game,Joe is tackled so hard that he breaks a rib.He can actually feel a piece of the rib sticking through the skin and he is having a difficult time breathing.Joe is probably suffering from

Accepted Answer

A) a collapsed trachea. 
B) an obstruction in the bronchi. 
C) a pneumothorax. 
D) decreased surfactant production. 
E) a bruised diaphragm.

Question 18

________ is the amount of air that you can inhale above the resting tidal volume.

Accepted Answer

A) Residual inhaled volume 
B) Expiratory reserve volume 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Enhanced tidal volume 
E) Inspiratory capacity

Question 19

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions:
-What is the function of the structure labeled "8"?

Accepted Answer

A) forces air into the lungs 
B) causes air to swirl within the respiratory passageway 
C) prevents food from entering the larynx 
D) acts like a supplementary air pump 
E) adjusts tension of vocal folds

Question 20

During quiet breathing,

Accepted Answer

A) only the internal intercostal muscles contract. 
B) inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive. 
C) inspiration is passive and expiration involves muscular contractions. 
D) both inspiration and expiration are passive. 
E) both inspiration and expiration involve muscular contractions.

Exam 23: The Respiratory System