Question 1

Hox genes:

Accepted Answer

A) appear to function in similar ways across diverse groups of organisms. 
B) function only in fruit flies. 
C) control which amino acids get plugged into polypeptide chains. 
D) control the development of language in humans.

Question 2

In mammals, the male parent's gametes determine the sex of his offspring because:

Accepted Answer

A) the X chromosome originates only from females. 
B) sperm are more powerful than eggs. 
C) the Y chromosome is present in males only. 
D) the X chromosome determines sex.

Question 3

A doctor finds that the mammary glands of a woman are not functioning due to a genetic abnormality that influences the structural design of the thoracic cavity.This is likely the result of a mutation:

Accepted Answer

A) on the sex chromosomes. 
B) in a Hox gene. 
C) in HSV-1. 
D) none of the above

Question 4

DNA:

Accepted Answer

A) is single stranded. 
B) contains six different nucleotide bases. 
C) directs cellular function. 
D) contains the base uracil.

Question 5

Use what you know about meiosis to explain Mendel's law of segregation and law of independent assortment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use what you know about meiosis to...

Question 6

Somatic cells are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) each includes a nucleus at some stage of its development. 
B) they are used in multiple tissues throughout the body. 
C) each contains half a copy of an organism's DNA. 
D) each contains a complete copy of all of an organism's DNA.

Question 7

In 2004, the Human Genome Project published a human genome map indicating that _______ genes are responsible for the human body's proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) 100,000 
B) 50,000 
C) 20,000-25,000 
D) 200,000-250,000

Question 8

In his work on pea plants, Mendel found that plant height was inherited independently of the type or color of the seed coat.This finding:

Accepted Answer

A) applies only to genes on the same chromosome. 
B) demonstrates the law of independent assortment. 
C) explains gene linkage. 
D) explains inheritance only in simple organisms.

Question 9

Individuals whose blood type is A and who carry both dominant and recessive genes at this locus have a genotype of:

Accepted Answer

A) AA. 
B) AO. 
C) AB. 
D) OO.

Question 10

The expression of polygenic traits is:

Accepted Answer

A) never determined by the influence of environmental factors. 
B) determined by genes at several loci. 
C) determined by multiple genes at one locus. 
D) determined solely by the influence of environmental factors.

Question 11

Nucleotide bases in nuclear DNA include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) thymine. 
B) adenine. 
C) uracil. 
D) cytosine.

Question 12

The following are complementary bases in DNA:

Accepted Answer

A) adenine and thymine. 
B) adenine and cytosine. 
C) guanine and thymine. 
D) guanine and uracil.

Question 13

Human ABO blood types are determined by:

Accepted Answer

A) regulatory genes. 
B) multiple alleles. 
C) multiple genes. 
D) homeotic genes.

Question 14

Somatic cells include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) lung cells. 
B) gametes. 
C) skin cells. 
D) neurons.

Question 15

Define polygenic and pleiotropic traits and explain their significance for researchers' efforts to link human genotypes to phenotypes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define polygenic and pleiotropic traits and explain...

Question 16

If two alleles influencing the expressed phenotype for a trait are equally expressed, this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) polymorphism. 
B) codominance. 
C) pleiotropy. 
D) Mendelian inheritance.

Question 17

Transcription:

Accepted Answer

A) occurs in the nucleus. 
B) occurs in the ribosome. 
C) results in the production of proteins. 
D) results in the transformation of mitochondria.

Question 18

Transfer RNA:

Accepted Answer

A) seeks complementary triplet strands of mRNA codons. 
B) contains codons that correspond to specific amino acids. 
C) brings amino acids together to form polypeptide chains. 
D) all of the above

Question 19

The gene responsible for lactose persistence among adults in Europe is a _______ gene.

Accepted Answer

A) structural 
B) dominant 
C) regulatory 
D) Hox

Question 20

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR):

Accepted Answer

A) allows us to use genetic methods to explore the origins and movements of populations. 
B) is used to amplify tiny sequences of DNA for study. 
C) allows us to study small amounts of DNA available in ancient skeletons. 
D) all of the above

Exam 3: Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation