Question 1

Klinefelter's syndrome results

Accepted Answer

A)  from males passing on an extra copy of chromosome #21.
B)  from females passing on an extra copy of chromosome #21.
C)  from females passing on an extra copy of the Y chromosome (resulting in a 47-chromosome, XXY karyotype) .
D)  from males passing on an extra copy of the X chromosome (resulting in a 47-chromosome, XXY karyotype) . D

Question 2

Over a period of two generations, the frequency of green dung beetles in a population shifts from 75% to 71% while the frequency of brown dung beetles within this population shifts from 25% to 29%.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  minievolution.
B)  microevolution.
C)  millievolution.
D)  nanoevolution. B

Question 3

Familial hypercholesterolemia, an autosomal dominant disease, is five times more frequent in the Afrikaner population of South Africa than in the population of Europe or the United States.This represents an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection.
B)  bottle neck.
C)  founder effect.
D)  kin selection. C

Question 4

The best-documented case of industrial melanism involves

Accepted Answer

A)  Galápagos finches.
B)  dung beetles.
C)  monarch butterflies.
D)  peppered moths.

Question 5

Explain how the founder effect can lead to a descendant population that differs greatly from its parent population over a relatively short period of time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how the founder effect can lead...

Question 6

Which of the following is the result of a single-point mutation on chromosome 11?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marfan syndrome
B)  Down syndrome
C)  Kleinfelter's syndrome
D)  Sickle-cell anemia

Question 7

Studies of Darwin's finches have found that at certain points in time all finches on the island have either wide beaks or sharp, narrow beaks.The type of evolution that leads to this phenotype distribution is

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection.
B)  natural selection.
C)  disruptive selection.
D)  stabilizing selection.

Question 8

________ is the force of evolution that is most powerful when acting on very small populations.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gene flow
B)  Mutation
C)  Genetic drift
D)  Founder effect

Question 9

Why is the peppered moth an excellent example of directional selection?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is the peppered moth an excellent...

Question 10

Fitness trade-off refers to selection favoring which genotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  homozygous dominant
B)  homozygous recessive
C)  heterozygous
D)  no genotype is favored

Question 11

Another name for the evolutionary force called gene flow is

Accepted Answer

A)  founder effect.
B)  disruptive selection.
C)  admixture.
D)  transposition.

Question 12

The evolution of the modern horse with a single hoof on each limb from a dog-sized ancestor with multiple digits is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  macroevolution.
B)  stabilizing selection.
C)  disruptive selection.
D)  microevolution.

Question 13

The malarial parasite is transmitted to humans by

Accepted Answer

A)  dirty drinking water.
B)  mosquitoes.
C)  rats.
D)  monkeys.

Question 14

The effects of ________ have increased from 10,000 years ago to the present.

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations
B)  gene flow
C)  genetic drift
D)  natural selection

Question 15

Evolution is caused by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation
B)  gene flow
C)  genetic drift
D)  all of the above

Question 16

Patrilocal societies are expected to display

Accepted Answer

A)  greater mtDNA diversity than Y chromosome diversity.
B)  roughly equivalent mtDNA and Y chromosome diversity.
C)  greater Y chromosome diversity than mtDNA diversity.
D)  no strong correlation between societal structure and genetic diversity (none of the above) .

Question 17

A random change in allele frequencies over time is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift.
B)  gene flow.
C)  admixture.
D)  gene migration.

Question 18

A point mutation that does not result in a change to the amino acid coded for is said to be a

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous mutation.
B)  synonymous mutation.
C)  selective mutation.
D)  stabilizing mutation.

Question 19

Transposable elements are DNA sequences that

Accepted Answer

A)  are not coded to produce proteins.
B)  contain numerous point mutations.
C)  occur only on the X and Y chromosomes.
D)  insert themselves into other parts of the genome.

Question 20

An individual who displays the disease sickle-cell anemia must have inherited the deleterious allele from both phenotypically normal parents.This individual is therefore

Accepted Answer

A)  homozygous dominant.
B)  homozygous recessive.
C)  heterozygous.
D)  haplozygous.

Exam 4: Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics