Question 1

What is the term given to the cheeselike,whitish substance that fuses with the epidermis and serves as a protective coating for the fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vernix caseosa
B)   Surfactant
C)   Caput succedaneum
D)   Acrocyanosis A

Question 2

What is the most critical physiological change required of the newborn?

Accepted Answer

A)   Closure of fetal shunts in the circulatory system
B)   Full function of the immune defence system at birth
C)   Maintenance of a stable temperature
D)   Initiation and maintenance of respirations D

Question 3

Which of the following statements is an inaccurate description of the first phase of the transition period?

Accepted Answer

A)   It lasts no longer than 30 minutes.
B)   It is marked by spontaneous tremors, crying, and head movements.
C)   It includes the passage of meconium.
D)   It may involve the infant suddenly sleeping briefly. D

Question 4

A woman gave birth to a healthy 3000 g infant girl.The nurse suggests that the woman place the infant to her breast within 15 minutes after birth.The nurse knows that breastfeeding is effective during the first 30 minutes after birth,and this is period is referred to as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Transition period
B)   First period of reactivity
C)   Organizational stage
D)   Second period of reactivity

Question 5

During life in utero,oxygenation of the fetus occurs through transplacental gas exchange.When birth occurs,four factors combine to stimulate the respiratory centre in the medulla.The initiation of respiration then follows.Which of the following contributes to the dynamic sequence of events that occur with the infants' first breath?

Accepted Answer

A)   Warm air temperature
B)   Oxygen pressure increases
C)   Carbon dioxide pressure decreases
D)   Arterial pH decreases

Question 6

A collection of blood between the skull bone and its periosteum is known as a cephalhematoma.What should the nurse be aware of with regard to cephalhematoma in order to reassure the new parents whose infant develops such a soft bulge?

Accepted Answer

A)   It may occur with spontaneous vaginal birth.
B)   It only happens as the result of a forceps or vacuum delivery.
C)   It is present immediately after birth.
D)   It will gradually absorb over the first few months of life.

Question 7

While evaluating the reflexes of a newborn,the nurse notes that with a loud noise the newborn symmetrically abducts and extends his arms,his fingers fan out and form a C with the thumb and forefinger,and he has a slight tremor.How would the nurse document this positive finding?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tonic neck reflex
B)   Glabellar (Myerson)  reflex
C)   Babinski reflex
D)   Moro reflex

Question 8

What should the nurse do upon assessing unequal movement and uneven gluteal skin folds during the Ortolani manoeuvre?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tell the parents that one leg may be longer than the other, but they will equal out by the time the infant is walking.
B)   Alert the physician that the infant has a dislocated hip.
C)   Inform the parents and physician that moulding has not taken place.
D)   Suggest that, if the condition does not change, surgery to correct vision problems might be needed.

Question 9

What is a mode of heat loss in the newborn?

Accepted Answer

A)   Perspiration
B)   Diuresis
C)   Urination
D)   Evaporation

Question 10

What should the nurse be aware of with regard to the respiratory development of the newborn?

Accepted Answer

A)   The first gasping breath is an exaggerated respiratory reaction within 1 minute of birth.
B)   Newborns must expel the fluid from the respiratory system within a few minutes of birth.
C)   Newborns are instinctive mouth breathers.
D)   Seesaw respirations are no cause for concern in the first hour after birth.

Question 11

A newborn is placed under a radiant heat warmer,and the nurse evaluates the infant's body temperature every hour.Maintaining the newborn's body temperature is important to prevent which of the following events from happening?

Accepted Answer

A)   Respiratory depression
B)   Cold stress
C)   Tachycardia
D)   Vasoconstriction

Question 12

While examining a newborn,the nurse notes uneven skin folds on the buttocks and a click when performing the Ortolani manoeuvre.The nurse recognizes these findings as a sign that the newborn probably has which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Polydactyly
B)   Clubfoot
C)   Hip dysplasia
D)   Webbing

Question 13

An African-Canadian woman noticed some bruises on her newborn girl's buttocks.She asks the nurse who spanked her daughter.The nurse explains that these marks are called which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lanugo
B)   Vascular nevi
C)   Nevus flammeus
D)   Mongolian spots

Question 14

Part of the health assessment of a newborn is observing the infant's breathing pattern.What is a full-term newborn's predominant breathing pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)   Abdominal with synchronous chest movements
B)   Chest breathing with nasal flaring
C)   Diaphragmatic with chest retraction
D)   Deep with a regular rhythm

Question 15

What would the nurse be aware of with regard to the functioning of the renal system in newborns?

Accepted Answer

A)   The pediatrician should be notified if the newborn has not voided in 24 hours.
B)   Breastfed infants likely will void more often during the first days after birth.
C)   "Brick dust" or blood on a diaper is always cause to notify the physician.
D)   Weight loss from fluid loss and other normal factors should be made up in 4 to 7 days.

Question 16

The parents of a newborn ask the nurse how much the newborn can see.The parents specifically want to know what type of visual stimuli they should provide for their newborn.What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Infants can see very little until about 3 months of age."
B)   "Infants can track their parent's eyes and distinguish patterns; they prefer complex patterns."
C)   "The infant's eyes must be protected. Infants enjoy looking at brightly coloured stripes."
D)   "It's important to shield the newborn's eyes. Overhead lights help them see better."

Question 17

While assessing the newborn,the nurse should be aware that the average expected apical pulse range of a full-term,quiet,alert newborn is which of the following ranges?

Accepted Answer

A)   80 to 100 beats/min
B)   100 to 120 beats/min
C)   110 to 160 beats/min
D)   150 to 180 beats/min

Question 18

Why is the brain vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies and trauma in early infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   The infant has an incompletely developed neuromuscular system.
B)   The infant has a primitive reflex system.
C)   The infant experiences the presence of various sleep-wake states.
D)   The infant experiences a cerebellum growth spurt.

Question 19

A new mother states that her infant must be cold because the baby's hands and feet are blue.What is the proper term for this common and temporary condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Acrocyanosis
B)   Erythema neonatorum
C)   Harlequin colour
D)   Vernix caseosa

Question 20

What should the nurse be aware of with regard to the gastrointestinal (GI)system of the newborn?

Accepted Answer

A)   The newborn's cheeks are full because of normal fluid retention.
B)   The nipple of the bottle or breast must be placed well inside the baby's mouth because teeth have been developing in utero, and one or more may even be through.
C)   Regurgitation during the first day or two can be reduced by burping the infant and slightly elevating the baby's head.
D)   Bacteria are already present in the infant's GI tract at birth, because they traveled through the placenta.

Exam 24: Physiological Adaptations of the Newborn