Question 1

Defenders of globalization argue that the adoption of enforceable global labor standards is likely to push people in the developing world back into poverty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Explain and discuss how efforts to craft a fully inclusive global climate change regime have been stymied by conflicts between China and India on one hand and the United States on the other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain and discuss how efforts to craft...

Question 3

Climate change has emerged as a pressing trade issue.Current estimates indicate that the world's largest emitter of GHGs (greenhouse gas)is

Accepted Answer

A)  The United States. 
B)  India. 
C)  Russia. 
D)  China. 
E)  Japan.

Question 4

According the defenders of globalization and Oatley,globalization is the solution to the problems of income inequality and poverty,not their cause.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Given the alternatives,developing country workers have to choose from,a job in a factory engaged in production for export

Accepted Answer

A)  is typically the highest paying option. 
B)  is somewhat better than jobs in agriculture. 
C)  is a slightly better paying option. 
D)  is a slightly lower paying option. 
E)  is somewhat better than other factory jobs.

Question 6

Using Gini coefficient measures instead of the ratio of average incomes in the world's richest country to the average income in the world's poorest country,Oatley concludes that

Accepted Answer

A)  during the last 30 years global income inequality has begun to increase. 
B)  global inequality is much greater than domestic income inequality in even the most unequal countries. 
C)  global income inequality increased slowly but erratically between 1820 and 1970. 
D)  since 1980, the world's poorest societies have grown as fast as the richest countries. 
E)  between 1960 and 1980, the world's poorest societies grew faster than the world's richest.

Question 7

According to Oatley,the current consensus among globalization defenders and environmentalists suggests that globalization can have positive environmental consequences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Globalization has scale effects that arise from the expansion of economic activity.These scale effects are positive because

Accepted Answer

A)  rising incomes make the cost of environment protection less desirable. 
B)  as incomes rise, the greater demand for energy will make older sources of energy no longer cost effective. 
C)  as the scale of economic activity expands, waste generation will increase. 
D)  the diffusion of improved environmental technology will automatically accompany greater trade and foreign investment. 
E)  greater pollution is a small price to pay for greater convenience and cheaper consumption.

Question 9

According to Oatley,"sweatshop" factories are the sole reason why global poverty has fallen by 375 million people during the last twenty years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

According to Oatley,wage differences between high income and low income countries were caused by both labor market regulations and different levels of productivity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

According to Oatley,workers in advanced countries are paid more than workers in the developing world primarily because they are

Accepted Answer

A)  more democratically represented in politics. 
B)  treated more generously by their employers. 
C)  organized by labor unions. 
D)  more educated. 
E)  more productive.

Question 12

The dynamics of environmental rules and WTO trade principles have produced a lot of vigorous disagreement.Which of the following statements are not likely to be used by defenders of globalization on this issue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Environmental objectives should not restrict trade in any way. 
B)  Environmental safeguards are simply means to disguise protectionism. 
C)  Relaxing stringent burdens of proof about environmental damage would result in large income sacrifices for uncertain environmental gains that could be as readily achieved with other methods. 
D)  Current WTO rules give incentives for countries to "race to the bottom" for the lowest possible environmental standards to attract scarce investment funds. 
E)  To date, not a single WTO dispute has arisen from trade provisions contained in MEAs.

Question 13

According to Oatley,workers in MNC affiliates compared to locally owned firms

Accepted Answer

A)  are paid by ratio more in high-income countries than in middle-income countries. 
B)  are paid by ratio more in high-income countries than in low-income countries. 
C)  are paid by ratio more in middle-income countries than in low-income countries. 
D)  are paid by ratio less in low-income countries than in middle-income countries. 
E)  are paid by ratio more in low-income countries than in high-income countries.

Question 14

Discuss the costs and benefits of the efforts to create global rules to improve working conditions and wages in sweatshop factories.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the costs and benefits of the...

Question 15

Oatley claims that global wage differences are not caused by different labor market regulations but by

Accepted Answer

A)  desperate uneducated workers in developing countries who are easily manipulated. 
B)  corporate investors who want higher profits available in developing countries. 
C)  different levels of productivity. 
D)  different differentials of living costs compared to wage levels. 
E)  conservative governments who want to undermine labor movements in their own countries.

Question 16

Discuss the arguments and evidence antiglobalization critics have cited on abuses in factories in developing countries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the arguments and evidence antiglobalization critics...

Question 17

Poverty reduction has not been distributed evenly across the globe.Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Poverty reduction has been the greatest in East Asia. 
B)  Poverty reduction has been less substantial in South Asia. 
C)  In Latin America and the Caribbean poverty has hardly fallen at all. 
D)  In sub-Saharan Africa, the number of people living in poverty rose during the last twenty years. 
E)  Poverty reduction has not been concentrated in a small number of countries.

Question 18

Oatley implies that the only way to enforce higher global labor standards is to

Accepted Answer

A)  restrict trade with countries violating these rules. 
B)  appeal to humanitarian interests in advanced industrial countries. 
C)  appeal to humanitarian interests in developing countries. 
D)  Establish higher voluntary MNC standards such as those advocated by the OECD. 
E)  Ask governments of developing countries to enforce more strict rules.

Question 19

Numerous examples of objectionable workplace practices during the last fifteen years have been documented.Which of the following is not cited by Oatley in his analysis of this subject in Chapter 16?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many firms require their workers to work excessively long hours. 
B)  Workers are often forced to work in abusive environments (safety, harassment, toxic chemicals, etc.). 
C)  Workers are often forced to lie about illegal activities and abuse to inspectors. 
D)  Firms sometimes engage in bonded labor schemes. 
E)  Many developing country firms employ children.

Question 20

The dynamics of environmental rules and WTO trade principles have received greater attention than ever before.Which of the following statements are notlikely to be used by environmentalists on this issue?

Accepted Answer

A)  If items are produced through two different methods with two very different environmental consequences, they are not like products under WTO rules. 
B)  Even when WTO rules do allow governments to restrict trade in pursuit of environmental goals, the burden of proof necessary can be insurmountable. 
C)  Income gains from WTO free trade principles are more important than negative environmental consequences. 
D)  The WTO should accept as a general principle that any trade restriction applied in connection with an MEA is fully consistent with WTO rules. 
E)  Environmental safeguards are not simply means to disguise protectionism.

Exam 16: Globalization: Consequences and Controversies

Defenders of globalization argue that the adoption of enforceable global labor standards is likely to push people in the developing world back into poverty.

Explain and discuss how efforts to craft a fully inclusive global climate change regime have been stymied by conflicts between China and India on one hand and the United States on the other.

Climate change has emerged as a pressing trade issue.Current estimates indicate that the world's largest emitter of GHGs (greenhouse gas) is

According the defenders of globalization and Oatley,globalization is the solution to the problems of income inequality and poverty,not their cause.

Given the alternatives,developing country workers have to choose from,a job in a factory engaged in production for export

Using Gini coefficient measures instead of the ratio of average incomes in the world's richest country to the average income in the world's poorest country,Oatley concludes that

According to Oatley,the current consensus among globalization defenders and environmentalists suggests that globalization can have positive environmental consequences.

Globalization has scale effects that arise from the expansion of economic activity.These scale effects are positive because

According to Oatley,"sweatshop" factories are the sole reason why global poverty has fallen by 375 million people during the last twenty years.

According to Oatley,wage differences between high income and low income countries were caused by both labor market regulations and different levels of productivity.

According to Oatley,workers in advanced countries are paid more than workers in the developing world primarily because they are

The dynamics of environmental rules and WTO trade principles have produced a lot of vigorous disagreement.Which of the following statements are not likely to be used by defenders of globalization on this issue?

According to Oatley,workers in MNC affiliates compared to locally owned firms

Discuss the costs and benefits of the efforts to create global rules to improve working conditions and wages in sweatshop factories.

Oatley claims that global wage differences are not caused by different labor market regulations but by

Discuss the arguments and evidence antiglobalization critics have cited on abuses in factories in developing countries.

Poverty reduction has not been distributed evenly across the globe.Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Oatley implies that the only way to enforce higher global labor standards is to

Numerous examples of objectionable workplace practices during the last fifteen years have been documented.Which of the following is not cited by Oatley in his analysis of this subject in Chapter 16?

The dynamics of environmental rules and WTO trade principles have received greater attention than ever before.Which of the following statements are notlikely to be used by environmentalists on this issue?