Question 1

His friends begin to criticize Marco as a "juice-head," pushing him out of their social circle.Marco begins to drink even more, becomes bitter, and joins a new group of friends who also are heavy drinkers.According to Lemert, Marco's situation illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the onset of primary deviance.
B)   the onset of secondary deviance.
C)   the formation of a deviant subculture.
D)   the onset of retreatism. B

Question 2

In terms of racial categories, most of the people in the United States arrested for FBI Index crimes are

Accepted Answer

A)   white.
B)   African American.
C)   people of mixed race.
D)   of Hispanic ancestry. A

Question 3

Participating in the subculture that Elijah Anderson describes as "the code of the streets" raises the risk that young people will end up

Accepted Answer

A)   conforming to conventional morality.
B)   doing better than their parents.
C)   having a career in law enforcement.
D)   in jail or worse. D

Question 4

Explain the value and the limitations of biological and psychological explanations of crime.Expand the essay by explaining the strengths of a sociological approach to understanding crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the value and the limitations of...

Question 5

The correct view of the role of biology in causing people to commit crimes is that

Accepted Answer

A)   males with certain body types commit the most serious crimes.
B)   Lombroso proved a century ago that biological factors are the major cause of crime.
C)   biological factors may have a real but small effect in causing some people to commit crimes.
D)   genetics research has succeeded in explaining most criminality.

Question 6

Why did Emile Durkheim claim that deviance was "normal"? List four ways in which deviance is functional for society, according to Durkheim.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why did Emile Durkheim claim that deviance...

Question 7

The old saying, "An eye for an eye," expresses the idea underlying the policy of rehabilitation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

According to Robert Merton's strain theory, the term _______ correctly describes the behavior of a radical activist who rejects just about everything in the existing society in favor of some alternative system.

Accepted Answer

A)   innovator
B)   ritualist
C)   retreatist
D)   rebel

Question 9

Cloward and Ohlin extended Merton's theory of deviance, stating that crime

Accepted Answer

A)   reflects both limited legitimate opportunity as well as accessible illegitimate opportunity.
B)   is more common among the rich who have more opportunity.
C)   is defined in such a way as to overly criminalize the poor.
D)   is typically a result of drug dependence or other substance addiction.

Question 10

Thomas Szasz made the controversial assertion that

Accepted Answer

A)   deviance is only what people label as deviant.
B)   most people in the United States will become insane for some period during their lives.
C)   mental illness is a myth so that "insanity" is only "differences" that bother other people.
D)   our society does not do nearly enough to treat the mentally ill.

Question 11

Mike reports the theft of his dirt bike from the front yard of his house.The police would record this as which type of crime?

Accepted Answer

A)   burglary
B)   larceny-theft
C)   robbery
D)   auto-theft

Question 12

"Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What is meant by "community-based corrections?" What are the advantages of this approach compared to sending convicted offenders to prison? What are some of the limitations of this approach? Do you favor or oppose expanding community-based corrections? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is meant by "community-based corrections?" What...

Question 14

Reducing prison overcrowding, the costs of dealing with offenders, and helping offenders avoid the stigma of incarceration are all advantages of

Accepted Answer

A)   societal protection.
B)   criminal recidivism.
C)   the death penalty.
D)   community-based corrections.

Question 15

According to Elliot Currie, factors that explain the high crime rate in the United States by world standards include

Accepted Answer

A)   our cultural homogeneity.
B)   a lack of interest in punishing offenders.
C)   the high level of immigration.
D)   our emphasis on individual economic success, which weakens the social fabric.

Question 16

Using a Marxist approach, Steven Spitzer claims that prime targets for deviant labeling include

Accepted Answer

A)   people who try to take the property of others.
B)   people who work hard but are poor.
C)   perpetrators of white-collar crime.
D)   people who have social power.

Question 17

Define each of the following: white-collar crime, corporate crime, organized crime, and hate crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define each of the following: white-collar crime,...

Question 18

Psychiatrist Thomas Szasz states that the label of "insanity" is widely applied to behavior that is actually only "different."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What concept did Erving Goffman use to refer to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity?

Accepted Answer

A)   a deviant ritual
B)   a degradation ceremony
C)   a secondary identity
D)   stigma

Question 20

What is considered deviant is mostly the same behavior all around the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Deviance

His friends begin to criticize Marco as a "juice-head," pushing him out of their social circle.Marco begins to drink even more, becomes bitter, and joins a new group of friends who also are heavy drinkers.According to Lemert, Marco's situation illustrates

In terms of racial categories, most of the people in the United States arrested for FBI Index crimes are

Participating in the subculture that Elijah Anderson describes as "the code of the streets" raises the risk that young people will end up

Explain the value and the limitations of biological and psychological explanations of crime.Expand the essay by explaining the strengths of a sociological approach to understanding crime.

The correct view of the role of biology in causing people to commit crimes is that

Why did Emile Durkheim claim that deviance was "normal"? List four ways in which deviance is functional for society, according to Durkheim.

The old saying, "An eye for an eye," expresses the idea underlying the policy of rehabilitation.

According to Robert Merton's strain theory, the term _______ correctly describes the behavior of a radical activist who rejects just about everything in the existing society in favor of some alternative system.

Cloward and Ohlin extended Merton's theory of deviance, stating that crime

Thomas Szasz made the controversial assertion that

Mike reports the theft of his dirt bike from the front yard of his house.The police would record this as which type of crime?

"Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law.

What is meant by "community-based corrections?" What are the advantages of this approach compared to sending convicted offenders to prison? What are some of the limitations of this approach? Do you favor or oppose expanding community-based corrections? Why?

Reducing prison overcrowding, the costs of dealing with offenders, and helping offenders avoid the stigma of incarceration are all advantages of

According to Elliot Currie, factors that explain the high crime rate in the United States by world standards include

Using a Marxist approach, Steven Spitzer claims that prime targets for deviant labeling include

Define each of the following: white-collar crime, corporate crime, organized crime, and hate crime.

Psychiatrist Thomas Szasz states that the label of "insanity" is widely applied to behavior that is actually only "different."

What concept did Erving Goffman use to refer to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity?

What is considered deviant is mostly the same behavior all around the world.