Aclient with Chronic Abdominal Pain Has Learned to Control the Pain

Aclient with chronic abdominal pain has learned to control the pain with the use of imagery and hypnosis. A family member asks the nurse how these techniques work. Which of the following reasons provide the basis for the nurse's response in relation totheeffectiveness of these strategies?

A) Impact the cognitive and affective components of pain.
B) Increase the modulating effect of the efferent pathways.
C) Prevent transmission of nociceptive stimuli to the cortex.
D) Slow the release of transmitter chemicals in the dorsal horn.

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