Question 1

Ralph is taking scuba diving classes and is warned not to hold his breath when ascending from depth but to continuously release air from his mouth. What is the basis of this instruction and what is the risk if it is ignored?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ralph is taking scuba diving classes and...

Question 2

The glottis is

Accepted Answer

A)  the soft tissue that hangs off the end of the soft palate. 
B)  a flap of elastic cartilage. 
C)  the opening to the larynx. 
D)  the opening to the pharynx. 
E)  part of the hard palate.

Question 3

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term bronchiolar smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)  accessory muscle of expiration 
B)  accessory muscle of inspiration 
C)  primary muscle of inspiration 
D)  contraction increases airway resistance 
E)  affects lung compliance

Question 4

The ________ branch from the trachea at the carina.

Accepted Answer

A)  terminal bronchioles 
B)  lobar bronchi 
C)  segmental bronchi 
D)  primary bronchi 
E)  alveolar ducts

Question 5

The following is a list of some airways. What is the order in which air passes through them?
1) lobar bronchus
2) bronchioles
3) alveolar ducts
4) primary bronchus
5) respiratory bronchiole
6) alveoli
7) terminal bronchiole

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 6 
B)  4, 1, 2, 5, 7, 3, 6 
C)  1, 4, 2, 5, 7, 3, 6 
D)  1, 4, 2, 7, 5, 3, 6 
E)  2, 4, 1, 7, 5, 3, 6

Question 6

The chloride shift occurs in order to

Accepted Answer

A)  force oxygen out of the blood and into tissues. 
B)  transport bicarbonate ions into the blood plasma. 
C)  produce salt for the cytosol of blood cells. 
D)  produce carbonic acid. 
E)  pump hydrochloric acid out of gastric cells.

Question 7

In which direction does carbon dioxide move during internal respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  from the blood into the tissue cells 
B)  from the blood into the lungs 
C)  from the lungs into the atmosphere 
D)  from the tissue cells into the blood 
E)  from the lungs into the blood

Question 8

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the interstitial space of peripheral tissues is approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  35 mm Hg. 
B)  45 mm Hg. 
C)  55 mm Hg. 
D)  70 mm Hg. 
E)  100 mm Hg.

Question 9

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-The inspiratory capacity is a total of what two pulmonary volumes? (Figure 23-16)

Accepted Answer

A)  tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume 
B)  vital capacity and tidal volume 
C)  vital capacity and inspiratory reserve volume 
D)  residual volume and tidal volume 
E)  inspiratory reserve volume and functional residual capacity

Question 10

Damage to the phrenic nerves would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase respiratory rate. 
B)  increase the tidal volume. 
C)  force reliance on costal breathing. 
D)  result in greater pressure differences between the lungs and the outside air. 
E)  have little effect on ventilation.

Question 11

When the inspiratory muscles relax, the rib cage returns to its original position as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  exhalation. 
B)  gravity. 
C)  elastic rebound. 
D)  accessory muscle contraction. 
E)  partial pressure difference.

Question 12

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
 
Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "5."

Accepted Answer

A)  pharyngeal tonsil 
B)  palatine tonsil 
C)  epiglottis 
D)  soft palate 
E)  hard palate

Question 13

Figure 23-2 Mechanics of Ventilation
 
Use Figure 23-2 to answer the following questions:
-What is the relationship between the pressures at label "3"?

Accepted Answer

A)  P outside = P inside 
B)  P outside > P inside 
C)  P outside < P inside 
D)  P outside + P inside 
E)  P outside - P inside

Question 14

What are the primary functions of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the primary functions of the...

Question 15

A pair of ligaments covered by laryngeal epithelium that function in sound production are the

Accepted Answer

A)  intrinsic ligaments. 
B)  extrinsic ligaments. 
C)  ventricular folds. 
D)  vocal folds. 
E)  intrinsic laryngeal muscles.

Question 16

Use of the accessory respiratory muscles is characteristic of forced breathing, or

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperpnea. 
B)  eupnea. 
C)  dyspnea. 
D)  hypoxia. 
E)  apnea.

Question 17

The auditory tubes open into the

Accepted Answer

A)  nasopharynx. 
B)  oropharynx. 
C)  laryngopharynx. 
D)  larynx. 
E)  nasal cavity.

Question 18

The ________ of the lungs is an indication of their expandability, how easily the lungs expand and contract.

Accepted Answer

A)  compliance 
B)  ventilation 
C)  volume 
D)  intrapulmonary pressure 
E)  cellular respiration

Question 19

Which bone does not form part of the lateral or superior walls of the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)  maxilla 
B)  mandible 
C)  nasal 
D)  ethmoid 
E)  sphenoid

Question 20

Air flows between nasal conchae through the

Accepted Answer

A)  dorsum nasi. 
B)  apex. 
C)  external nares. 
D)  nasal vestibule. 
E)  superior, middle, and inferior nasal meatuses.

Exam 23: The Respiratory System