Question 1

Contrast the two Virgin and Child Enthroned paintings by Cimabue and Giotto.What are their similarities and differences? Which artist was more important to the future of painting,and why?

Accepted Answer

Essay responses should include these points:
•	Giotto was much more influential on future artists and paintings because of his narrative and pictorial style.
•	In both paintings, Mary takes up the center of the composition and presents the figure of baby Jesus.
•	Mary is surrounded by angels in both paintings, but the angels are stacked vertically in Cimabue’s version.
•	Giotto’s painting is more realistic in terms of perspective and modeling of the figures, whose plainly draped, bulky bodies inhabit real space.
•	Giotto’s Mary is still much larger, following the hieratic scale.

Question 2

Discuss the composition,movement,and technique of Nicola Pisano's baptistery pulpit relief sculpture,Annunciation,Nativity,and Adoration of the Shepherds.

Accepted Answer

Essay responses should include these points:
•	The Virgin reclines in the middle of the composition after having given birth to Jesus.
•	The Annunciation scene is in the upper left corner.
•	The panel is in low and high relief.
•	Implied motion is created by the groupings of the figures, but Mary, the largest figure, always attracts the viewer’s attention.

Question 3

Describe the style and the significance of the two-page opening with Psalm 1 from the Windmill Psalter from the thirteenth century.

Accepted Answer

Essay responses should include these points:
•	Ambiguity and contradiction marked early medieval British manuscripts.
•	There are many puns in the text.
•	The pages are colorful with gold leaf on vellum.
•	The figures seem to float in space and the hieratic scale was applied.
•	Images stimulated the user’s contemplation of the inner meanings of the text’s familiar messages.

Question 4

Which of the following is the pose that was a stylistic signature of the Gothic period?

Accepted Answer

A)  contrapposto
B)  figura serpentinata
C)  column-like
D)  graceful S-curve

Question 5

English needlework was well known outside England by the name

Accepted Answer

A)  opus anglicanum.
B)  mozarabic.
C)  punchwork.
D)  Hiberno-Saxon style.

Question 6

Which of the following is the name for a new type of church that developed in the thirteenth century in Germanic lands?

Accepted Answer

A)  a central-plan church
B)  a basilican church
C)  a hall church
D)  a pilgrimage church

Question 7

What was Gothic architecture called in its own time?

Accepted Answer

A)  modern
B)  Italian
C)  old-fashioned
D)  ancient

Question 8

Which of the following is the very large round window above the entrance to a Gothic church?

Accepted Answer

A)  lancet
B)  oculi
C)  rose window
D)  grisalle

Question 9

In manuscripts during the Gothic age,illuminators used columns of medallions and colors,both of which were derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  stained-glass windows.
B)  cloisonné metalwork.
C)  portal sculpture.
D)  Italian frescos.

Question 10

What types of buildings were built in the Gothic style?

Accepted Answer

A)  Christian churches
B)  Jewish synagogues
C)  town halls
D)  all of the above

Question 11

Which is the real subject of the ivory box showing the attack on the Castle of Love?

Accepted Answer

A)  military tactics
B)  romantic love
C)  physical prowess
D)  athletic competition

Question 12

At this time,Italian painters working in tempera paint most often mixed powdered pigments with water,a touch of glue,and

Accepted Answer

A)  beeswax.
B)  gum arabic.
C)  linseed oil.
D)  egg yolk.

Question 13

In architecture,what are the vertical sculptural elements on both sides of an opening called?

Accepted Answer

A)  mullions
B)  archivolts
C)  jambs
D)  compound piers

Question 14

Which conveys the idea that the scene of the Annunciation in Jean Pucelle's Petites Heures of Jeanne d'Evreux is a vision?

Accepted Answer

A)  You can see through the wall of the house.
B)  Queen Jeanne is included,kneeling with her book.
C)  The scene depicts clowns and jesters.
D)  The musicians are a symbol of sleep.

Question 15

What is significant about the Altneuschul in Prague?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the oldest synagogue in Europe.
B)  It was the first central-plan church.
C)  It was the first university in Europe.
D)  It is the tallest synagogue in the world.

Question 16

List and describe the architectural elements that combined to make the Gothic style and describe the overall effect that was achieved.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and describe the architectural elements that...

Question 17

Which feature characterized a "hall church"?

Accepted Answer

A)  It had a dome over the crossing.
B)  The vaults of the side aisles and nave were the same height.
C)  The arcade,triforium,and clerestory were clearly separated.
D)  The nave roof was open-beam,not vaulted.

Question 18

At Reims Cathedral,what technique permitted the creation of even more expansive walls of glass?

Accepted Answer

A)  bar tracery
B)  stone tracery
C)  plate tracery
D)  gold tracery

Question 19

Which of the following was made possible by combining structural devices in Gothic churches?

Accepted Answer

A)  sculptural decoration
B)  taller nave walls
C)  a continuous ambulatory
D)  huge windows

Question 20

Where were the two important centers of Italian Gothic painting located?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rome and Naples
B)  Venice and Ravenna
C)  Milan and Bologna
D)  Siena and Florence

Exam 11: Gothic Art