Question 1

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-A substance made up of two or more elements whose properties are usually different from those of the substance.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monosaccharides
B)  Triglycerides
C)  Compound
D)  Denaturation
E)  ElementF) PolarityG) Active siteH) Tertiary structureI) Hydrogen bondsJ) Amino acids C

Question 2

A substance in which other substances are dissolved is known as what?

Accepted Answer

A)  solute
B)  acid
C)  solvent
D)  buffer C

Question 3

A substance consisting of weak acids or bases designed to maintain a specific pH of a solution within a cell or a biological system would be which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  buffer
B)  catalyst
C)  pH
D)  acids A

Question 4

An organic compound that provides instructions for the synthesis or production of polypeptide chains is referred to as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotide
B)  lipids
C)  ATP
D)  DNA

Question 5

________ is the process of using water to break down polymers to their monomer subunits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the process of using water...

Question 6

What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Covalent bonds are the sharing of electrons, whereas ionic bonds are the sharing of protons.
B)  Covalent bonds involve the attraction between slightly charged molecules, whereas ionic bonds involve the attraction between two fully charged ions.
C)  Covalent bonds involve the sharing of neutrons, whereas ionic bonds involve the attraction of slightly charged atoms.
D)  Covalent bonds are the sharing of electrons, whereas ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Question 7

A(n)________ is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions or when disassociated in water will give off hydroxide ions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n)________ is a substance that accepts hydrogen...

Question 8

The interaction between two polar molecules would involve ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ionic bonds
B)  peptide bonds
C)  covalent bonds
D)  hydrogen bonds

Question 9

When new food products are being analyzed for nutritional content,the food will be subjected to hydrolysis in the lab.The end products are analyzed to determine things such as fat and sugar content.Suppose a lab is analyzing a new product that claims to be fat free.After the hydrolysis of the product is complete,they find glucose,glycerol,hydrocarbons,and amino acids.Is this product free of fat? Justify your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When new food products are being analyzed...

Question 10

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-The overall three-dimensional shape of a protein.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monosaccharides
B)  Triglycerides
C)  Compound
D)  Denaturation
E)  ElementF) PolarityG) Active siteH) Tertiary structureI) Hydrogen bondsJ) Amino acids

Question 11

In what ways are hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds similar?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are based on attraction between atoms that carry differences in electrical charge.
B)  Both are based on attraction between two atoms that carry negative charges.
C)  Both are based on repulsion between atoms that carry differences in electrical charge.
D)  Both involve an even sharing of electrons between atoms.
E)  Both are based on attraction between two atoms that carry positive charges.

Question 12

A(n)________ consists of many monomer subunits bonded together in order to produce a large molecule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n)________ consists of many monomer subunits bonded...

Question 13

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-The site where a substrate binds to an enzyme.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monosaccharides
B)  Triglycerides
C)  Compound
D)  Denaturation
E)  ElementF) PolarityG) Active siteH) Tertiary structureI) Hydrogen bondsJ) Amino acids

Question 14

A researcher suspects that the food in an ecosystem has been contaminated with radioactive phosphates over a period of months.Which of the following substances could be examined for radioactive phosphate to test the hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  the amino acids within proteins produced by organisms living in the area
B)  the starch produced by plants in the area
C)  the DNA of the organisms in the area
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 15

Explain the relationship between nucleic acids and proteins.How would a change to the DNA ultimately affect proteins?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the relationship between nucleic acids and...

Question 16

The hydrogen,ionic,and covalent bonds that stabilize the shape of a protein contribute to which level of structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary
B)  quaternary
C)  secondary
D)  tertiary

Question 17

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-The basic monomer of a protein that can be joined by peptide bonds using dehydration synthesis reactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monosaccharides
B)  Triglycerides
C)  Compound
D)  Denaturation
E)  ElementF) PolarityG) Active siteH) Tertiary structureI) Hydrogen bondsJ) Amino acids

Question 18

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.
-The tendency of a molecule to have positive and negative regions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monosaccharides
B)  Triglycerides
C)  Compound
D)  Denaturation
E)  ElementF) PolarityG) Active siteH) Tertiary structureI) Hydrogen bondsJ) Amino acids

Question 19

Within your body,there are two major categories of hormones.One category is the steroid (or lipid-soluble)hormones,and the other category is referred to as nonsteroid (or water-soluble)hormones,which are composed of proteins or amino acids.Estrogen and testosterone are examples of steroid hormones,whereas insulin is an example of a nonsteroid hormone.A researcher heats estrogen,testosterone,and insulin to a very high temperature.After heating the hormones,the researcher tests to determine whether they still work properly.She finds that estrogen and testosterone still function,but insulin does not.Based on the chemical nature of these molecules,explain why insulin no longer functions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Within your body,there are two major categories...

Question 20

Explain some of the modern uses for radioisotopes in society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain some of the modern uses for...

Exam 2: Chemistry Comes to Life

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -A substance made up of two or more elements whose properties are usually different from those of the substance.

A substance in which other substances are dissolved is known as what?

A substance consisting of weak acids or bases designed to maintain a specific pH of a solution within a cell or a biological system would be which of the following?

An organic compound that provides instructions for the synthesis or production of polypeptide chains is referred to as which of the following?

________ is the process of using water to break down polymers to their monomer subunits.

What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?

A(n)________ is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions or when disassociated in water will give off hydroxide ions.

The interaction between two polar molecules would involve ________.

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -The overall three-dimensional shape of a protein.

In what ways are hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds similar?

A(n)________ consists of many monomer subunits bonded together in order to produce a large molecule.

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -The site where a substrate binds to an enzyme.

A researcher suspects that the food in an ecosystem has been contaminated with radioactive phosphates over a period of months.Which of the following substances could be examined for radioactive phosphate to test the hypothesis?

Explain the relationship between nucleic acids and proteins.How would a change to the DNA ultimately affect proteins?

The hydrogen,ionic,and covalent bonds that stabilize the shape of a protein contribute to which level of structure of a protein?

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -The basic monomer of a protein that can be joined by peptide bonds using dehydration synthesis reactions.

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column. -The tendency of a molecule to have positive and negative regions.

Explain some of the modern uses for radioisotopes in society.