Question 1

An exclusive,expensive building that was constructed with much attention to style,ornamentation,and a large-scale,corporate philosophy was probably built using which of the following design approaches?

Accepted Answer

A)  social design 
B)  formal design 
C)  classic design 
D)  modern design

Question 2

Beta matching is synonymous with ______ and refers to how well the setting fits an individual from ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  habitability; an objective perspective 
B)  habitability; the perspective of the users 
C)  congruence; an objective perspective 
D)  congruence; the perspective of the users

Question 3

According to the text,what is probably the most important goal of social design?

Accepted Answer

A)  satisfy building users 
B)  change the behavior of building users 
C)  create settings that match occupants' needs and activities 
D)  enhance the building users' personal control

Question 4

According to the text,resource dilemmas

Accepted Answer

A)  are rarely fatal because of the tendency for resources to replenish themselves 
B)  are almost always fatal because humans are greedy creatures 
C)  may not be fatal because of the cognitive capacity of humans to solve problems 
D)  have always been fatal in the past

Question 5

Explain what is meant by matching,and differentiate between alpha matching and beta matching.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain what is meant by matching,and differentiate...

Question 6

Which of the following contributes to the development of social traps?

Accepted Answer

A)  overconfidence in positive outcomes 
B)  discounting positive outcomes 
C)  belief that their contribution is large and matters in the long run 
D)  certainty

Question 7

Personal space is the geographic component of interpersonal relations-that is,the distance and angle of orientation (e.g.,side by side or face to face)between individuals as they interact.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In his 1968 article in Science,Hardin was pessimistic about humans being able to avoid the tragedy of the commons,the complete collapse of the planet's resource system.Robert Gifford,the author of Chapter 13 ("Environment")concludes that the evidence from existing intervention research ______ Hardin's bleak outlook.

Accepted Answer

A)  is, for the most part, consistent with 
B)  is currently inconclusive regarding 
C)  shows promise with respect to helping to counter 
D)  clearly disputes the tenability of

Question 9

Distinguish between technical design and social design.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Distinguish between technical design and social design....

Question 10

Table 13.1 in Chapter 13 shows the amount of water used in the production of various food products.Strictly on the basis of the goal of conserving water,an individual should eat less ______ and more ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  processed cheese; potatoes 
B)  processed cheese; cherries 
C)  beef; potatoes 
D)  beef; cherries

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a major goal of social design?

Accepted Answer

A)  education and providing information 
B)  changing behavior 
C)  increasing personal control 
D)  encouraging social support

Question 12

"Harvesters must choose between rapid,resource-destructive,short-term,self-interested harvesting ...and restrained,long-term,community- and resource-oriented harvesting" (from Chapter 13 on the environment).The first of the above two choices would be most strongly endorsed by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Robert Gifford 
B)  Adam Smith 
C)  Garrett Hardin 
D)  William Lloyd

Question 13

Explain what is meant by tragedy of the commons,and describe the classic example of a commons dilemma.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain what is meant by tragedy of...

Question 14

Alpha press refers to people's interpretation of external reality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following best illustrates preindustrial vernacular?

Accepted Answer

A)  Native Americans speak about their traditional places of residence. 
B)  Architects use older but proven methods to build modern buildings. 
C)  Members of an Amish community help each other build a barn. 
D)  A group of environmentally conscious people discuss living more simply.

Question 16

Defensible space theory posits that certain physical design features influence the likely occurrence of crime and feelings of security.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  In an influential 1968 article in Science, Hardin affirmed that commons dilemmas would in the short-to-moderate term be harmful to the planet, but in the long term, the human capacity to adapt would prevail. 
B)  Lloyd (1937/1968) identified a serious flaw in Smith's (1776/1976) economics theory-the flaw being that Smith assumed that natural resources are virtually unlimited. 
C)  When the supply of a resource seems small or limited, individuals seem to feel free to exploit the resource as much as possible. 
D)  Lloyd recognized that many resources are, in fact, infinite and unlimited.

Question 18

Graham,Koo,and Wilson (2011)conducted online research aimed at getting people to drive less in which participants in the experimental conditions periodically visited a web page to report the number of miles they had avoided driving.On a follow-up survey,participants in which condition indicated they had used their car less than no-web control participants during the two weeks following the intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological gains 
B)  no feedback 
C)  interpersonal gains 
D)  pollution not avoided

Question 19

FISH 5 is an example of which type of dilemma?

Accepted Answer

A)  resource dilemma 
B)  resource contingency trap 
C)  social trap 
D)  public goods problem

Question 20

Social design favors an approach that may be described as large scale,corporate,high cost,exclusive,authoritarian,tending to high-tech solutions,and concerned with style,ornament,the paying client,and a national or international focus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: Applying Social Psychology to the Environment

An exclusive,expensive building that was constructed with much attention to style,ornamentation,and a large-scale,corporate philosophy was probably built using which of the following design approaches?

Beta matching is synonymous with and refers to how well the setting fits an individual from .

According to the text,what is probably the most important goal of social design?

According to the text,resource dilemmas

Explain what is meant by matching,and differentiate between alpha matching and beta matching.

Which of the following contributes to the development of social traps?

Personal space is the geographic component of interpersonal relations-that is,the distance and angle of orientation (e.g.,side by side or face to face)between individuals as they interact.

Distinguish between technical design and social design.

Table 13.1 in Chapter 13 shows the amount of water used in the production of various food products.Strictly on the basis of the goal of conserving water,an individual should eat less and more .

Which of the following is NOT a major goal of social design?

"Harvesters must choose between rapid,resource-destructive,short-term,self-interested harvesting ...and restrained,long-term,community- and resource-oriented harvesting" (from Chapter 13 on the environment) .The first of the above two choices would be most strongly endorsed by ______.

Explain what is meant by tragedy of the commons,and describe the classic example of a commons dilemma.

Alpha press refers to people's interpretation of external reality.

Which of the following best illustrates preindustrial vernacular?

Defensible space theory posits that certain physical design features influence the likely occurrence of crime and feelings of security.

Which is true?

FISH 5 is an example of which type of dilemma?

Social design favors an approach that may be described as large scale,corporate,high cost,exclusive,authoritarian,tending to high-tech solutions,and concerned with style,ornament,the paying client,and a national or international focus.