Question 1

What are some opportunities for improved sustainability in various supply chain drivers?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some opportunities for improved sustainability...

Question 2

The market for carbon allowances

Accepted Answer

A)  does not exist in a hybrid cap and trade system. 
B)  is a key element of a carbon tax system. 
C)  can result in a heavier polluter buying allowances from a company with lower carbon output. 
D)  is set by the regulatory authority.

Question 3

The phenomenon where each actor is incentivized to maximize his gain from a public asset at the expense of all others is

Accepted Answer

A)  the tragedy of the commons. 
B)  cap-and-trade. 
C)  the closed loop. 
D)  the social pillar.

Question 4

Walmart has worked to convert ________ at its stores from a cost to a profit generator.

Accepted Answer

A)  energy usage 
B)  waste generation 
C)  water consumption 
D)  reduced packaging

Question 5

In the context of greenhouse gas emission, the GHG protocol initiative defines three levels of scope. The following scope is referred to as direct emissions.

Accepted Answer

A)  This scope refers to emissions from GHG sources that are owned or controlled by the reporting entity. 
B)  This scope refers to indirect emissions from grid-sourced electricity and other utility services of heat, steam and cooling. 
C)  This scope refers to the inclusion of other indirect emissions coming from sources such as the production of purchased materials, outsourced activities, contractor owned vehicles, waste disposal, and employee business travel. 
D)  This scope refers to the corporate responsibility for direct discharging of emissions into public water systems.

Question 6

Walmart reduced its energy consumption by

Accepted Answer

A)  adding skylights for natural light. 
B)  reducing packaging. 
C)  milk jug redesign. 
D)  better transportation routing of trucks.

Question 7

________ tend to be significant consumers of energy and water and emitters of waste and greenhouse gases and thus offer significant opportunities for profitable improvement.

Accepted Answer

A)  Employees 
B)  Production processes 
C)  Facilities 
D)  Vehicles

Question 8

The disadvantage of using a(n) ________ measure is that a drop in supply chain sales and production (for example in a downturn) will show an improved absolute measure of energy consumption even though the company may not have changed anything.

Accepted Answer

A)  scope 
B)  relative 
C)  absolute 
D)  statistical

Question 9

Much of the actual cost of recycling or remanufacturing is directly linked to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the repair. 
B)  the logistics. 
C)  the production. 
D)  the design.

Question 10

Remanufacturing helps improve profits as long as

Accepted Answer

A)  the comparatively low margin of remanufactured to newly-produced products exists. 
B)  the comparatively high cost of remanufacturing to newly-produced products exists. 
C)  the fear exists that remanufactured products will be purchased instead of newly-produced products. 
D)  two distinct segments of demand exist for the product - one for new and one for old products.

Question 11

The Pay as You Throw (PAYT) model is designed to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase recycling. 
B)  decrease throwing. 
C)  increase consumption. 
D)  decrease consumption.

Question 12

The presence of lead paint in some of its most popular toys forced ________ to recall hundreds of thousands of toys sold between April and July of 2007.

Accepted Answer

A)  Walmart 
B)  Hasbro 
C)  Mattel 
D)  Remco

Question 13

A carbon tax system is computed by multiplying the tax rate by the carbon emissions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In the context of greenhouse gas emission, the GHG protocol initiative defines levels of scope. This level refers to emissions from GHG sources that are owned or controlled by the reporting entity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Scope 1 
B)  Scope 2 
C)  Scope 3 
D)  Scope 4

Question 15

A(n) ________ measure of performance is more effective at capturing improvement.

Accepted Answer

A)  scope 
B)  relative 
C)  absolute 
D)  statistical

Question 16

The polluter pays principle dictates that

Accepted Answer

A)  recycling efforts are best aimed at the designer of the product. 
B)  the entity causing the pollution must bear the cost to society. 
C)  the recycler should receive compensation from the end user of the product. 
D)  the recycler should receive compensation from the designer of the product.

Question 17

This company has not hit its targets for the use of renewable energy because these sources have higher costs compared to other sources of energy. In general, the public has not been willing to pay for the added costs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Walmart 
B)  IKEA 
C)  IBM 
D)  3M

Question 18

In the context of greenhouse gas emission, direct emissions

Accepted Answer

A)  are controlled by the reporting entity. 
B)  are created through waste disposal. 
C)  come from utility-based services. 
D)  come from employee-based travel.

Question 19

What are the challenges to greater sustainability posed by the tragedy of the commons?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the challenges to greater sustainability...

Question 20

Under a cap-and-trade system, a firm that emits more than its share of carbon can buy allowances from a firm that emits less than its share.

Accepted Answer