Question 1

Your friend claims to be an animal lover but constantly wears fur and leather.How can you use the techniques designed by Aronson and his students (1992) to change your friend's behavior?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your friend claims to be an animal...

Question 2

McNally and his colleagues have conducted controlled experiments to examine the effectiveness of Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) on preventing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).The results of the studies show that CISD is

Accepted Answer

A)  a very effective means of reducing PTSD. 
B)  only effective on police officers. 
C)  effective if administered within twenty-four hours of the trauma. 
D)  not an effective means of preventing the onset of PTSD.

Question 3

In an effort to encourage students to reduce the amount of water being used at the university gym, administrators put up a sign asking students to take shorter showers.However, water consumption did not decrease sufficiently, and some students even retaliated by taking long showers.Why did the sign fail to reduce water usage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Students didn't see it. 
B)  Students didn't read it properly. 
C)  It did not involve any psychological processes that successfully change behavior. 
D)  It did not create the feeling of a social dilemma.

Question 4

"Flow" can best be described as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  pleasurable state during which people are so focused on their goal that they lose track of time. 
B)  pleasant state of arousal in which a person is focused on the needs of others. 
C)  altered state of consciousness in which a person's attention is divided among many tasks. 
D)  state in which people are so focused on their goal that they cannot actually achieve it.

Question 5

You want to get your roommates' friends to quit throwing their empty cans and cigarette butts onto the ground outside your apartment.Based on what Cialdini and his colleagues (1990) found in their research, you should invoke ________ norms because they are more effective than ________ norms in reducing litter.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive; injunctive 
B)  salient; subtle 
C)  injunctive; descriptive 
D)  subtle; salient

Question 6

According to your text, which method is best suited for understanding which interventions and solutions to real-world problems work best?

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational studies 
B)  experiments 
C)  computer models 
D)  observational studies

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a reason why social psychologists are well qualified to find solutions to applied psychological problems?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have a rich set of theories about human behavior. 
B)  They have knowledge of the experimental method. 
C)  They know how to perform rigorous tests of the effectiveness of interventions. 
D)  They must hold a Ph.D.to perform interventions.

Question 8

Your text discusses a number of reasons for the correlation between happiness and social relationships.Regardless of the reason(s) why, having high quality relationships have been shown to be a

Accepted Answer

A) major source of happiness. 
B) major source of stress. 
C) source of temporary joy. 
D) drain on one's emotions.

Question 9

In order to test the effectiveness of an intervention using an experiment, it is best to have a

Accepted Answer

A)  visible independent variable. 
B)  randomly assigned control group. 
C)  representative control group. 
D)  double-blind study.

Question 10

Joe has just survived a horrible earthquake.After this traumatic event, he is asked if he wants to undergo Critical Incident Stress Debriefing.Based on information from your text, what would you suggest Joe do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joe should undergo CISD; it has been shown to prevent the onset of psychological disorders. 
B)  Joe should undergo CISD only if he wasn't physically injured. 
C)  Joe should not undergo CISD. 
D)  Joe should only undergo CISD if he experienced the trauma less than twenty-four hours ago.

Question 11

Recall that researchers asked some students on the way to a field house shower to sign a petition advocating water conservation, others to report on their water use, and others to do both.Those who both reported their water use and signed the petition took shorter showers than those students in the other two conditions because

Accepted Answer

A)  the intervention took too long and they had to hurry. 
B)  they were reminded that they were not practicing what they preached. 
C)  they became more aware of how much water they used. 
D)  they made a public commitment to conserve water.

Question 12

You are a member of the next generation of social psychologists.If you follow Lewin's advice (1946, as presented in your text), your research questions can best be tested using

Accepted Answer

A)  common sense and intuition. 
B)  observation. 
C)  correlational designs. 
D)  the experimental method.

Question 13

Which of the following does not belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  real world 
B)  applied 
C)  basic 
D)  practical

Question 14

Beth is the new director of the Municipal Water Conservation Board.Because the board has not been very successful in its appeals to encourage residents to stop wasting water, Beth has decided to change how their message is presented.She's decided to change the public service ads sponsored by the Municipal Water Conservation Board.Which of the following television appeals would be most likely to encourage the public to use less water?

Accepted Answer

A)  "If nobody conserves water, the city will have to impose mandatory restrictions." 
B)  "If you leave the water running when you brush your teeth, in one week, you will have wasted enough water to fill your bathroom." 
C)  "I know that water conservation devices are expensive, but it is for the good of the community that you install them." 
D)  "If you do not find a way to reduce your water usage, we will have to take punitive action."

Question 15

Dr.Palcon designs a study to test which strategy is best in terms of encouraging residents to recycle on a weekly basis.Dr.Palcon is most likely conducting ________ research.

Accepted Answer

A)  applied 
B)  basic 
C)  esoteric 
D)  his dissertation

Question 16

The authors of your text report what happened when researchers provided workers in a unit of a Dutch factory with feedback on energy consumption.The results of the study were that workers who received weekly feedback on their own unit ________ reduced the energy they used, and workers who received comparative feedback on energy usage ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  greatly; also greatly reduced the energy they used 
B)  greatly; slightly reduced the energy they used 
C)  slightly; reduced the energy they used much more than the other unit 
D)  slightly; also slightly reduced the energy they used

Question 17

Jerry has rigged his television to run from energy that is created when he pedals a stationary bicycle.Jerry is an example of how we can solve environmental problems by

Accepted Answer

A)  developing new technologies. 
B)  changing people's attitudes. 
C)  raising awareness. 
D)  adopting a sustainable lifestyle.

Question 18

What is the role of money in determining how happy a person will be?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the role of money in...

Question 19

Benjamin is studying to be an accountant and wants to go to law school because tax lawyers make loads of money.He thinks that lots of money and an expensive house and car will make him happy.Based on what the authors of your text report on affective forecasting, how good is he likely to be at predicting what will make him happy in the future?

Accepted Answer

A)  very accurate most of the time 
B)  moderately accurate most of the time 
C)  not very accurate much of the time 
D)  only accurate when the stakes are high

Question 20

The authors of your text report that the researchers have found that happy people tend to also

Accepted Answer

A)  make more money at their job. 
B)  be more physically attractive than less happy people. 
C)  have good relationships with others. 
D)  be very goal-oriented people.

Exam 14: Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future